DSpace Collection:
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/20709
2024-03-28T16:26:06ZConstrucción de redes sociales en el lugar de destino: las experiencias de venezolanos, colombianos y españoles en una ciudad intermedia de Chile
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/208904
Title: Construcción de redes sociales en el lugar de destino: las experiencias de venezolanos, colombianos y españoles en una ciudad intermedia de Chile
Author: Soto Alvarado, Sylvia; Gil Alonso, Fernando; Jaime Garrido-Castillo
Abstract: Se analiza la construcción, por parte de inmigrantes internacionales, de redes sociales en el país de destino, y las características de estas redes según el país de origen. Se estudia el caso de tres colectivos residentes en Chile, utilizando metodología cualitativa basada en entrevistas semiestructuradas, que se analizan mediante análisis narrativo. Los resultados muestran que quienes tienden a incorporarse con mayor rapidez en el lugar de destino, suelen establecer redes de vínculos débiles. Por el contrario, quienes tienen más dificultades para incorporarse en el lugar de destino, o lo hacen solo parcialmente, establecen redes densas más cerradas en lo cultural.2024-03-18T19:54:09ZIs Spanish depopulation irreversible? Recent demographic and spatial changes in small municipalities
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/208903
Title: Is Spanish depopulation irreversible? Recent demographic and spatial changes in small municipalities
Author: Gil Alonso, Fernando; Bayona, Jord; Pujadas, Isabel, 1949-
Abstract: Many small Spanish municipalities (those with less than 2000 inhabitants) experienced population growth during the first decade of the 21st century due to a large influx of foreign immigrants. However, the Great Recession put an end to this trend. The first aim of this paper is to analyse the demographic impact of the new phase of economic growth - known as the 'post-crisis' period (2014-2020) - on small Spanish municipalities. The second aim is to carry out an initial analysis of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis on the growth of these municipalities. The results of a nine-category typology show that during the post-crisis period, the vast majority of villages continued to depopulate, while a minority gained population or had stagnant population figures. The Covid-19 pandemic represented a turning point, with small municipalities as a whole starting to grow again. However, the population did not increase in all categories of villages or in all regions of rural Spain. The results for both periods (post-crisis and Covid-19 pandemic) highlight the growing importance of migration to demographic change in the smallest municipalities.2024-03-18T19:03:43ZSocial learning communities of practice as mechanisms for sustainable tourism: a process tracing evaluation of a government intervention
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/207745
Title: Social learning communities of practice as mechanisms for sustainable tourism: a process tracing evaluation of a government intervention
Author: Suno Wu, Jenny; Font Aulet, Xavier; Barbrook-Johnson, Peter; Torres Delgado, Anna
Abstract: Many governments introduce interventions to help small enterprises adopt more sustainable practices. We used process tracing to evaluate how and why communities of practice and social forms of learning are key mechanisms to facilitate action-oriented sustainability learning. We subjected each piece of evidence to a contribution analysis, in addition to the probabilistic necessity and sufficiency, to affirm causal attribution and its strength. The study shows how learning is contingent on the context designed. Knowledge assimilation and behavioural change are more likely to happen when an intervention delivers structured resource-based training that is amplified with community support and peer interactions. Setting tangible routines and regular interactions that allow participants to gain knowledge and best practices through resource-based learning were necessary but not sufficient to promote change. This evaluation highlights the need to provide structured learning with tangible routines and regular interactions with peers (i) to leverage communities of practice to create a supportive social environment (ii) that introduce normative influences building a sense of peer accountability. Process tracing proved to be a useful methodology to compare the benefits of two learning approaches in the intervention, without the need for a control group.2024-02-19T16:36:16ZSoil physico-chemical properties and Organic Carbon stocks across different land use in an urban park of Vilnius, Lithuania
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/207635
Title: Soil physico-chemical properties and Organic Carbon stocks across different land use in an urban park of Vilnius, Lithuania
Author: Francos, M.; Bogunovic, I.; Úbeda, Xavier; Pereira, P.
Abstract: Urban areas are characterised by land use change processes. Urban and peri-urban soils degradation increase at the different land uses, and the characteristic of each land use affecting soil carbon stock and, consequently, the role of soil as a CO2 sink. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of land use and soil management practices in urban and peri-urban soils in Vilnius (Lithuania). Studied properties were: Sand, Clay, Silt, Stoniness, bulk density (BD), pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and soil organic carbon stocks (SOCS). Ten samples were collected at depths 0-10 cm in 8 different land uses and soil management practices in the urban and peri-urban areas of Vilnius. Forests - Quercus robur, Acer plantanoides, Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies, grasslands - semi-natural grasslands (SNG) and managed semi-naturalgrasslands (MSNG), both dominated by Taraxacum officinale, artificial grasslands (AG), and urban. SOC (t/ha) resulted significantly higher in Pinus sylvestris and Art. Grass than in Quercus robur, Acer plantanoides, and urban land uses. Urban land use recorded lower values of SOC (t/ha) than the other land uses except for Acer plantanoides. Land uses with high human intervention decline soil quality and affect the role of soil as a climate regulator.2024-02-15T15:18:08ZChronology of quartzitic slopes from Minas Gerais, Brazil
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/207521
Title: Chronology of quartzitic slopes from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Author: Rodrigues, Sílvio Carlos; Dos Santos, Fabiana Cristina; Ferreira de Carvalho, Rui Filipe; Martins Nazar, Thallita Isabela Silva
Abstract: Quartzitic mountain reliefs developed in a tropical savanna climate tend to have shallow sedimentary deposits. This is due to low level weathering processes of quartzite rocks and formation of colluvium ramps on the slopes. This study aims to determine the characteristics of colluvial materials, particularly grain size, and to analyze sediment chronology above the saprolite, seeking to identify accumulation rates and make correlations with the dynamics of the recent geomorphological evolution of the Canastra range in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Samples collected in different morphological positions were submitted to granulometric analysis and dated by Optically Stimulated Luminescence Single Aliquote Regeneration (OSL/SAR) and radiocarbon dating. Grain size analysis showed a predominance of sandy and gravel materials and demonstrated that the colluvial ramps in the study area contain materials derived from the decomposition of quartzite rocks, accumulated in shallow and sandy profiles. LOE/SAR dating indicated ages between the end of the Pleistocene, not exceeding 30,500 +/- 4,950 BP, to 500 years BP, whereas the 14C dating showed ages between 4460 +/- 30 BP and 1140 +/- 30 BP. These data indicate that the deposits from the study area are relatively recent, which demonstrate that variations in the weathering process and deposit formation have undergone recent changes, probably due to climatic fluctuations and changes in the regional hydrological regime.; [por] Os relevos de montanhas quartzíticas desenvolvidos em um clima de savana tropical tendem a ter depósitos sedimentares rasos.
processos de intemperismo de baixo nível das rochas quartzíticas e à formação de rampas de coluvião nas encostas. Este estudo tem
determinar as características dos materiais coluviais, principalmente granulometria, e analisar a cronologia sedimentar acima do saprólito,
identificar as taxas de acumulação e fazer correlações com a dinâmica da evolução geomorfológica recente da serra da Canastra em MInas Gerais, Brasil. Amostras coletadas em diferentes posições
Única por Luminescência Oticamente Estimulada (OSL/SAR) e datação por radiocarbono. A análise granulométrica mostrou
materiais arenosos e pedregosos e demonstrou que as rampas coluviais da área de estudo contêm materiais derivados da
quartzíticas, acumuladas em perfis rasos e arenosos. A datação LOE/SAR indicou idades entre o final do Pleistoceno, não
4.950 BP, a 500 anos BP, enquanto a datação 14C mostrou idades entre 4460 +/- 30 BP e 1140 +/- 30 BP. Esses dados indicam que os
área de estudo são relativamente recentes, o que demonstra que as variações no processo de intemperismo e na formação dos depósitos
mudanças recentes, provavelmente devido a flutuações climáticas e mudanças no regime hidrológico regional.; [spa] Los relieves montañosos cuarcíticos desarrollados en un clima de sabana tropical tienden a tener depósitos sedimentarios poco profundos. Esto se
debe a los procesos de meteorización de bajo nivel de las rocas de cuarcita y la formación de rampas de coluvión en las laderas. Este estudio tiene
como objetivo determinar las características de los materiales coluviales, particularmente el tamaño de grano, y analizar la cronología de los
sedimentos por encima del saprolito, buscando identificar tasas de acumulación y establecer correlaciones con la dinámica de la evolución
geomorfológica reciente de la cordillera Canastra en Minas Gerais, Brasil. Las muestras recolectadas en diferentes posiciones morfológicas se
sometieron a análisis granulométrico y se fecharon mediante regeneración de alícuota única de luminiscencia estimulada ópticamente (OSL/SAR) y
datación por radiocarbono. El análisis granulométrico mostró un predominio de materiales arenosos y gravosos y demostró que las rampas
coluviales del área de estudio contienen materiales derivados de la descomposición de rocas cuarcíticas, acumuladas en perfiles someros y arenosos.
La datación LOE/SAR indicó edades entre el final del Pleistoceno, sin exceder los 30.500 +/- 4.950 AP, hasta los 500 años AP, mientras que la
datación 14C mostró edades entre 4460 +/- 30 AP y 1140 +/- 30 AP. Estos datos indican que los depósitos del área de estudio son relativamente
recientes, lo que demuestra que las variaciones en el proceso de meteorización y formación de depósitos han sufrido cambios recientes,
probablemente debido a las fluctuaciones climáticas y cambios en el régimen hidrológico regional2024-02-12T16:02:26ZTourism in Geography Textbooks in Secondary education and High School: the case of the Balearic Islands.
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/207386
Title: Tourism in Geography Textbooks in Secondary education and High School: the case of the Balearic Islands.
Author: Coll-Ramis, Miquel Àngel; Picó, Víctor; Ordinas, Antoni
Abstract: Since the mid-20th century, tourism has become a strategic activity for the economy of the Balearic Islands, causing profound social, territorial, and environmental transformations. This fact challenges local society, which must be aware of its environment to better face the future challenges posed by this economic activity. With this goal, the official curriculum has been analyzed, making it possible to ascertain the approach with which this subject is taught by the administration and what objectives are set. Furthermore, a review was carried out of the contents of geography textbooks in the third year of ESO and the second year of the Baccalaureate, which corresponds to the educational stages in which tourism aspects appear. The results obtained represent a fundamental strategic diagnosis to improve the teaching and learning of this key activity for the Balearic Islands, giving it more importance and adapting its approach to the current times.2024-02-09T14:01:40ZWhat burned the forest? Wildfires, climate change and human activity in the Mesolithic – Neolithic transition in SE Iberian Peninsula
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/206569
Title: What burned the forest? Wildfires, climate change and human activity in the Mesolithic – Neolithic transition in SE Iberian Peninsula
Author: Sánchez García, Carlos; Revelles, J.; Burjachs, F.; Euba, I.; Expósito, I.; Ibáñez, J.; Schulte, L.; Fernández-López de Pablo, J.
Abstract: Climate variability such as higher or lower temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, shifts in plant communities and other climate-related changes have particularly affected areas with Mediterranean-type climates. A multi-proxy analysis including pollen, sedimentary charcoal, mineralogy and Summed Probability Distributions (SPD) of archaeological 14C dates, allowed the reconstruction of landscape change, geomorphological evolution and fire history at the Laguna de Villena, in the southeastern Iberian Peninsula, during the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition. The Villena paleolake was sensitive to Early Holocene and Middle Holocene regional climatic variability that included several arid phases (around 8.2 ka cal BP, 6.8 ka cal BP and 5.9 ka cal BP) according to geochemical and pollen data. During this period, landscape dynamics show the degradation of oak forests and expansion of pyrophytic pine forests and shrublands, as well as open spaces predominated by grasses. The charcoal record shows a decreasing trend of biomass burned from 8.5 ka cal BP onwards, although fire peaks occurred recurrently during the Early and Middle Holocene. The most intense phase of fire activity was experienced in the last millennia of the Early Holocene, with five fire episodes from 9.1 to 8.4 ka cal BP, coinciding with a phase of higher archaeological evidence in the area. A decrease in archaeological evidence coincides with a gap in fire episodes during the Early Holocene-Middle Holocene transition, suggesting an effect of the abrupt 8.2 ka cal BP event on human activity and on landscape dynamics. After 8.0 ka cal BP, lowerer biomass burned is explained by the configuration of a more open landscape due to the combination of climate (increasing aridity) and increasing human activities in the region. The mineralogical and palynological data highlighted the interaction between human activities, climate and fire dynamics. The sedimentary charcoal record evidenced how most of the fire peaks did not occur in the context of dry episodes, as often assumed, deriving on an anthropogenic explanation related to Early and Late Mesolithic burning practices during a phase of higher archaeological evidence in the Villena paleolake surroundings. Afterwards, combined agropastoral activities from the Early Neolithic onwards and increasing aridity during the Middle Holocene maintained the forest clearances, in the context of fire episodes characterised by decreased biomass burned. This study shows how Middle Holocene palaeoecological records reflect complex histories blending climate and anthropogenic processes that derived in major landscape changes explaining the origin of current landscapes.2024-01-29T13:05:25ZHuman-environmental interaction with extreme hydrological events and climate change scenarios as background
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/206583
Title: Human-environmental interaction with extreme hydrological events and climate change scenarios as background
Author: Sánchez García, Carlos; Francos, Marcos
Abstract: Climate change significantly impacts the lives of all people. Global change is composed of multiple factors that affect the population differently, having a very significant impact in the Mediterranean area. Human beings, through their actions, try to mitigate this impact and thus generate a more resilient society. Extreme hydrological events are affected by this climate change, with torrential rainfall events and severe droughts becoming frequent. Understanding these trends will allow us to better adapt to future conditions. This study aims to analyse catastrophic floods and severe droughts from paleo studies to studies that focus on future projections. For this purpose, a search for information has been carried out through other studies over the last five years to have a current perspective of this situation. Studies point to changes in the dynamics of floods and droughts, not only worsening the extremes but also affecting the average values of the records of each. In addition, the studies point out that anthropic action is accelerating the changes, with human beings and their capacity to adapt being inferior to the velocity of this global change. It is necessary to generate a paradigm shift in terms of global production by trying to adapt to future extreme flood and drought hazards.2024-01-29T12:36:29ZMinor Soil Elements in Contrasting Profiles in an Area Frequently Affected by Fire, NE Iberian Peninsula
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/206582
Title: Minor Soil Elements in Contrasting Profiles in an Area Frequently Affected by Fire, NE Iberian Peninsula
Author: Francos, Marcos; Sánchez García, Carlos; Corvacho Ganahín, Oscar; Fernández García, Víctor
Abstract: Forest fires are a major concern in Mediterranean areas, where factors such as slope and aspect determine the degree of water and nutrient retention and their availability in soil. In this work, we analysed the effects of slope and aspect on minor soil elements. The study area was located in Ódena (NE Iberian Peninsula) in a typical Mediterranean forest. Four geomorphologically representative and contrasting soil profiles were sampled from different slopes and aspects. Eleven samples were taken from each profile at different depths. The amount of extractable aluminium (Al), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), boron (B), and lead (Pb) and the calcium (Ca):Al ratio in all horizons of each profile were determined. The results showed that Al, Fe, and Pb and the Ca:Al ratio were mainly affected by slope, whereas Mn, Zn, and B were especially conditioned by aspect. This type of study aims to determine which areas have to be managed in order to avoid not only soil contamination by heavy metals but also a shortage of certain essential nutrients for plant regeneration and, thus, improved soil quality.2024-01-29T12:09:46ZEssential element vulnerabilities and comprehensive disaster risk assessment for urban planning and risk management in Azogues, Ecuador
http://hdl.handle.net/2445/206568
Title: Essential element vulnerabilities and comprehensive disaster risk assessment for urban planning and risk management in Azogues, Ecuador
Author: Sacoto Flores, María Augusta; Sánchez García, Carlos
Abstract: The comprehensive assessment of disaster risk provides information on the potential adverse effects that could condition the city's processes, due to the interaction and contribution of its components in the development of hazard and vulnerability scenarios. By analyzing the most relevant hazards of the urban environment, identifying the vulnerabilities of the critical elements for the development of the city and the exposure of the elements to hazards; this study focuses on the understanding and holistic assessment of the disaster risk of the city of Azogues in Ecuador, in order to provide information to the local government, institutions and the population, to guide decision-making in urban planning and disaster risk management during all stages of disasters. To this end, a semi-quantitative methodology was applied based on the Multi-criteria Decision Analysis Method, and within this, the Analytic Hierarchy Process method and the heuristic approach and Geographic Information Systems and their tools. The results determined that some elements related to the health, education and supply sectors present certain vulnerabilities, although these are not associated with exposure to hazards. In relation to the most relevant hazards, approximately 7% and 33% of the total study area present high levels of susceptibility to landslides and forest fires, respectively. Finally, it was established that the most important factors affecting landslides are geological aspects and slope; and for forest fires, land use (vegetation) and radiation.2024-01-29T11:18:08Z