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Title: | Social norms towards smoking and electronic cigarettes among adult smokers in seven European Countries: Findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys |
Author: | East, Katherine Hitchman, Sara McDermott, Mairtin McNeill, Ann Herbeć, Aleksandra Tountas, Yannis Bécuwe, Nicolas Demjén, Tibor Fu Balboa, Marcela Fernández Muñoz, Esteve Mons, Ute Trofor, Antigona Zatoński, Witold Fong, Geoffrey Vardavas, Constantine I. EUREST-PLUS consortium |
Keywords: | Hàbit de fumar Cigarretes electròniques Smoking Electronic cigarettes |
Issue Date: | 22-Mar-2019 |
Publisher: | European Publishing |
Abstract: | Introduction: This study explores whether current smokers' social norms towards smoking and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) vary across seven European countries alongside smoking and e-cigarette prevalence rates. At the time of surveying, England had the lowest current smoking prevalence and Greece the highest. Hungary, Romania and Spain had the lowest prevalence of any e-cigarette use and England the highest. Methods: Respondents were adult (≥18 years) current smokers from the 2016 EUREST-PLUS ITC (Romania, Spain, Hungary, Poland, Greece, Germany) and ITC 4CV England Surveys (N=7779). Using logistic regression, associations between country and (a) smoking norms and (b) e-cigarette norms were assessed, adjusting for age, sex, income, education, smoking status, heaviness of smoking, and e-cigarette status. Results: Compared with England, smoking norms were higher in all countries: reporting that at least three of five closest friends smoke (19% vs 65-84% [AOR=6.9-24.0; Hungary-Greece]), perceiving that people important to them approve of smoking (8% vs 14-57% [1.9-51.1; Spain-Hungary]), perceiving that the public approves of smoking (5% vs 6-37% [1.7-15.8; Spain-Hungary]), disagreeing that smokers are marginalised (9% vs 16-50% [2.3-12.3; Poland-Greece]) except in Hungary. Compared with England: reporting that at least one of five closest friends uses e-cigarettes was higher in Poland (28% vs 36% [2.7]) but lower in Spain and Romania (28% vs 6-14% [0.3-0.6]), perceiving that the public approves of e-cigarettes was higher in Poland, Hungary and Greece (32% vs 36-40% [1.5-1.6]) but lower in Spain and Romania in unadjusted analyses only (32% vs 24-26%), reporting seeing e-cigarette use in public at least some days was lower in all countries (81% vs 12-55% [0.1-0.4]; Spain-Greece). Conclusions: Smokers from England had the least pro-smoking norms. Smokers from Spain had the least pro-e-cigarette norms. Friend smoking and disagreeing that smokers are marginalised broadly aligned with country-level current smoking rates. Seeing e-cigarette use in public broadly aligned with country-level any e-cigarette use. Generally, no other norms aligned with product prevalence. |
Note: | Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/104417 |
It is part of: | Tobacco Induced Diseases, 2019, vol. 16, supl. 2 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2445/175481 |
Related resource: | https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/104417 |
Appears in Collections: | Articles publicats en revistes (Institut d'lnvestigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)) |
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