Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/58885
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dc.contributor.advisorGratacós Solsona, Eduard-
dc.contributor.authorBatallé Bolaño, Dafnis-
dc.contributor.otherUniversitat de Barcelona. Facultat de Medicina-
dc.date.accessioned2014-10-22T08:12:31Z-
dc.date.available2015-12-17T23:02:00Z-
dc.date.issued2014-07-17-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2445/58885-
dc.description.abstract[cat] Aquesta tesis doctoral està centrada en l'aplicació de models de xarxa del cervell obtinguts a partir de diferents modalitats de ressonància magnètica (RM) per caracteritzar anomalies en el desenvolupament d'origen prenatal utilitzant la restricció de creixement intrauterí (RCIU) com a model clínic. La tesi està presentada com a compendi de quatre estudis publicats en revistes internacionals de primer quartil. Cada un dels estudis està centrat en la caracterització de la RCIU mitjançant xarxes cerebrals obtingudes a partir d'una modalitat de RM determinada en una etapa pediàtrica diferent, en la vida de subjectes amb RCIU. Així doncs, el primer estudi es centra en la caracterització de la reorganització cerebral produïda per RCIU a l'any de vida mitjançant xarxes cerebrals estructurals basades en RM per difusió. En aquest estudi es demostra que les característiques de xarxa en els subjectes amb RCIU presenten una sèrie d'alteracions relacionades amb un neuro-desenvolupament futur anormal. El segon projecte analitza la utilització de xarxes estructurals cerebrals basades en RM anatòmica convencional per caracteritzar alteracions en nens d'un any amb RCIU. Es demostra que efectivament amb aquesta tècnica també es troben alteracions en els infants amb IUGR, i que aquestes alteracions estan també relacionades amb problemes en el neuro-desenvolupament posterior. En el tercer projecte s'utilitza un model animal de conill amb RCIU per explorar les alteracions en la xarxa cerebral estructural que persisteix a llarg termini. Es demostra que efectivament existeixen alteracions en la organització estructural del cervell persistents a llarg termini i s'observa un efecte compensatori en els subjectes amb RCIU. En el quart projecte s'analitzen les xarxes cerebrals funcional en neonats amb RCIU, demostrant que aquesta condició prenatal genera una reorganització en la connectivitat cerebral que té un substrat funcional, que es pot observar des d'etapes molt precoces de la vida i que està relacionada amb resultats de neuro-comportament.-
dc.description.abstract[eng] This PhD thesis is focused in the application of brain network models obtained from different modalities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterize anomalies in neurodevelopment of a prenatal origin, using intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) as a clinical model. Importantly, IUGR due to placental insufficiency affects 5-10% of all pregnancies and is a leading cause of fetal morbidity and mortality. The thesis is presented as a compendium of four studies published in international journals. Each of the studies is focused in the characterization of IUGR using brain networks obtained from a specific MRI modality (structural, diffusion and functional MRI) in a specific pediatric stage in the life of subjects with IUGR (neonatal, early infancy and pre-adolescence age). The first study focuses in the characterization of brain reorganization produced by IUGR at one year of age using brain networks based on a tractography obtain from diffusion MRI, using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) approach. In this study it is demonstrated that brain network features of IUGR infants have alterations associated with an altered neurodevelopment later in life. The second study assess the viability to use a novel methodology to obtain structural brain networks based on simple anatomical MRI based on the similitude of gray matter (GM) patterns among different areas of the brain. We demonstrated alterations in infants with IUGR using this technique, and that the alterations found are also associated with neurodevelopmental problems found later in life. In the third study we used a rabbit model of IUGR to explore if the alterations in the structural brain network persist at long-term, during preadolescence. We demonstrated that indeed, there are alterations in the structural brain network organization that persist at long-term and that this alterations are associated with neurobehavioral outcomes. Finally, using normalization approaches, we observed a peculiar compensatory effect in the subjects with IUGR. In the forth study, we assessed functional brain networks of neonates with IUGR, demonstrating that this condition produces a reorganization of functional brain connectivity since such an early age, characterized by a pattern of increased co-activation and synchronization of brain regions together with a suboptimal organization when assessing normalized networks. In addition, functional brain network features were also associated to neurobehavioral alterations. Overall, our main conclusion is that IUGR condition produces structural and functional brain reorganization since early life that persists postnatally up to pre-adolescence. We hypothesize that the observed functional and structural reorganization could be a potential substrate of high risk of altered neurodevelopment in infants with IUGR, and postulate this condition as a possible brain network disorder. Importantly, the association of network features with neurobehavior and neurodevelopment since an early age opens the opportunity to further develop early image biomarkers of altered neurodevelopment, a clinical chance to improve the management of a condition that affects up to 10% of deliveries.-
dc.format.extent225 p.-
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf-
dc.language.isoeng-
dc.publisherUniversitat de Barcelona-
dc.rightscc-by-nc-nd, (c) Batallé, 2014-
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/-
dc.sourceTesis Doctorals - Facultat - Medicina-
dc.subject.classificationXarxes neuronals (Neurobiologia)-
dc.subject.classificationRessonància magnètica-
dc.subject.classificationNeurobiologia del desenvolupament-
dc.subject.classificationTeoria de grafs-
dc.subject.classificationRetard del creixement intrauterí-
dc.subject.otherNeural networks (Neurobiology)-
dc.subject.otherMagnetic resonance imaging-
dc.subject.otherDevelopmental neurobiology-
dc.subject.otherGraph theory-
dc.subject.otherFetal growth retardation-
dc.titleBrain connectivity network models based on multi-modal MRI to study brain reorganization of prenatal origin using intrauterine growth restriction as a model-
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis-
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion-
dc.identifier.dlB 23801-2014-
dc.date.updated2014-10-22T08:12:31Z-
dc.rights.accessRightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess-
dc.identifier.tdxhttp://hdl.handle.net/10803/283283-
Appears in Collections:Tesis Doctorals - Facultat - Medicina

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