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Title: | Characteristics and outcome of Streptococcus pneumoniae endocarditis in the XXI Century: a systematic review of 111 cases (2000-2013) |
Author: | Egea, Viviana de Muñoz, Patricia Valerio, Maricela Alarcón, Aristides de Lepe, José Antonio Miró Meda, José M. Gálvez-Acebal, Juan Garcia Pavia, Pablo Navas Pérez, Enrique Goenaga Sánchez, Miguel Ángel Fariñas, María Carmen García Vázquez, Elisa Marín, Mercedes Bouza, Emilio Sitges Carreño, Marta Moreno Camacho, Ma. Asunción |
Keywords: | Endocarditis Pneumococs Medicaments antibacterians Comorbiditat Espanya Epidemiologia Endocarditis Streptococcus pneumonia Antibacterial agents Comorbidity Spain Epidemiology |
Issue Date: | 2-Oct-2015 |
Publisher: | Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. Wolters Kluwer Health |
Abstract: | Streptococcus pneumoniae is an infrequent cause of severe infectious endocarditis (IE). The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiology, clinical and microbiological characteristics, and outcome of a series of cases of S. pneumoniae IE diagnosed in Spain and in a series of cases published since 2000 in the medical literature. We prospectively collected all cases of IE diagnosed in a multicenter cohort of patients from 27 Spanish hospitals (n = 2539). We also performed a systematic review of the literature since 2000 and retrieved all cases with complete clinical data using a pre-established protocol. Predictors of mortality were identified using a logistic regression model. We collected 111 cases of pneumococcal IE: 24 patients from the Spanish cohort and 87 cases from the literature review. Median age was 51 years, and 23 patients (20.7%) were under 15 years. Men accounted for 64% of patients, and infection was community-acquired in 96.4% of cases. The most important underlying conditions were liver disease (27.9%) and immunosuppression (10.8%). A predisposing heart condition was present in only 18 patients (16.2%). Pneumococcal IE affected a native valve in 93.7% of patients. Left-sided endocarditis predominated (aortic valve 53.2% and mitral valve 40.5%). The microbiological diagnosis was obtained from blood cultures in 84.7% of cases. In the Spanish cohort, nonsusceptibility to penicillin was detected in 4.2%. The most common clinical manifestations included fever (71.2%), a new heart murmur (55%), pneumonia (45.9%), meningitis (40.5%), and Austrian syndrome (26.1%). Cardiac surgery was performed in 47.7% of patients. The in-hospital mortality rate was 20.7%. The multivariate analysis revealed the independent risk factors for mortality to be meningitis (OR, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.4-12.9; P < 0.01). Valve surgery was protective (OR, 0.1; 95% CI, 0.04-0.4; P < 0.01). Streptococcus pneumoniae IE is a community-acquired disease that mainly affects native aortic valves. Half of the cases in the present study had concomitant pneumonia, and a considerable number developed meningitis. Mortality was high, mainly in patients with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Surgery was protective. |
Note: | Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000001562 |
It is part of: | Medicine, 2015, vol. 94, num. 39, p. e1562 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2445/113884 |
Related resource: | https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000001562 |
ISSN: | 0025-7974 |
Appears in Collections: | Articles publicats en revistes (Medicina) |
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