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Title: | Low-cost, easy-to-build noninvasive pressure support ventilator for under-resourced regions: open source hardware description, performance and feasibility testing |
Author: | Garmendia, Onintza Rodríguez Lazaro, Miguel A. Otero Díaz, Jorge Phan, Phuong Stoyanova, Alexandrina Petrova Dinh-Xuan, Anh Tuan Gozal, David Navajas Navarro, Daniel Montserrat, Josep M. Farré Ventura, Ramon |
Keywords: | Respiradors Insuficiència respiratòria Respirators Respiratory insufficiency |
Issue Date: | 2020 |
Publisher: | European Respiratory Society |
Abstract: | Aim: Current pricing of commercial mechanical ventilators in low-/middle-income countries (LMICs) markedly restricts their availability, and consequently a considerable number of patients with acute/chronic respiratory failure cannot be adequately treated. Our aim was to design and test an affordable and easy-to- build noninvasive bilevel pressure ventilator to allow a reduction in the serious shortage of ventilators in LMICs. Methods: The ventilator was built using off-the-shelf materials available via e-commerce and was based on a high-pressure blower, two pressure transducers and an Arduino Nano controller with a digital display (total retail cost <75 USD), with construction details provided open source for free replication. The ventilator was evaluated, and compared with a commercially available device (Lumis 150 ventilator; Resmed, San Diego, CA, USA): 1) in the bench setting using an actively breathing patient simulator mimicking a range of obstructive/restrictive diseases; and b) in 12 healthy volunteers wearing high airway resistance and thoracic/abdominal bands to mimic obstructive/restrictive patients. Results: The designed ventilator provided inspiratory/expiratory pressures up to 20/10cmH2O, respectively, with no faulty triggering or cycling; both in the bench test and in volunteers. The breathing difficulty score rated (1-10 scale) by the loaded breathing subjects was significantly (p<0.005) decreased from 5.45±1.68 without support to 2.83±1.66 when using the prototype ventilator, which showed no difference with the commercial device (2.80±1.48; p=1.000). Conclusion: The low-cost, easy-to-build noninvasive ventilator performs similarly to a high-quality commercial device, with its open-source hardware description, which will allow for free replication and use in LMICs, facilitating application of this life-saving therapy to patients who otherwise could not be treated. |
Note: | Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00846-2020 |
It is part of: | European Respiratory Journal, 2020, vol. 55, num. 6, p. 2000846 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2445/173053 |
Related resource: | https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00846-2020 |
ISSN: | 0903-1936 |
Appears in Collections: | Articles publicats en revistes (Economia) Articles publicats en revistes (Medicina) Articles publicats en revistes (IDIBAPS: Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer) Articles publicats en revistes (Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC)) |
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