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Title: | Structural and Functional Evolution of Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT4): A Look at GLUT4 in Fish |
Author: | Marín Juez, Rubén Capilla Campos, Encarnación Carvalho-Simoes, Francisco Camps Camprubí, Marta Planas Vilarnau, Josep |
Keywords: | Glucosa Homeòstasi Peixos Glucose Homeostasis Fishes |
Issue Date: | 18-Jun-2014 |
Publisher: | IntechOpen |
Abstract: | The insulin-responsive glucose transporter GLUT4 was first described in 1988 as a result of studies on the regulation of glucose metabolism by insulin [1]. Soon after the discovery of GLUT4, several groups cloned GLUT4 in the human [2], rat [3,4] and mouse [5]. Since its discovery, GLUT4 has received, together with GLUT1, more experimental attention than any other single membrane transport protein. Structurally, GLUT4 follows the predicted model for class I glucose transporters. GLUT4 has a high affinity for glucose, with a Km of approximately 5 mM [6], and also transports mannose, galactose, dehydroascorbic acid and glucosamine [7-10]. In mammals, GLUT4 is mainly expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle, brown and white adipose tissue, and brain [6,11,12]. GLUT4 plays a pivotal role in whole body glucose homeostasis, mediating the uptake of glucose regulated by insulin [13,14]. GLUT4 is responsible for the reduction in the postprandial rise in plasma glucose levels [6]. Insulin acts by stimulating the translocation of specific GLUT4-containing vesicles from intracellular stores to the plasma membrane (PM) resulting in an immediate increase in glucose transport [6,15]. The disruption of GLUT4 expression has been extensively associated with pathologies of impaired glucose uptake and insulin resistance such as type 2 diabetes and obesity [13,16-18]... |
Note: | Reprodució del document publicat a: http://doi.org/10.5772/58094 |
It is part of: | Chapter 2 in: Szablewski, Leszek. 2014. Glucose Homeostasis. IntechOpen. ISBN: 978-953-51-7212-3. DOI: 10.5772/57190. pp: 37-67. |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2445/175394 |
Related resource: | http://doi.org/10.5772/58094 |
Appears in Collections: | Llibres / Capítols de llibre (Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia) Llibres / Capítols de llibre (Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular) |
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