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Title: | Risk of Developing Epilepsy after Autoimmune Encephalitis |
Author: | Gifreu, Ariadna Falip, Mercè Sala Padró, Jacint Mongay, Neus Morandeira-Rego, Francisco Camins, Àngels Naval Baudin, Pablo Veciana de las Heras, Misericordia Fernández, Montserrat Pedro, Jordi Garcia Parra, Belia Arroyo, Pablo Simó, Marta |
Keywords: | Encefalitis Comorbiditat Epilèpsia Encephalitis Comorbidity Epilepsy |
Issue Date: | 8-Sep-2021 |
Publisher: | MDPI AG |
Abstract: | Background: Acute symptomatic seizures (ASS) are a common manifestation of autoimmune encephalitis (AE), but the risk of developing epilepsy as a sequela of AE remains unknown, and factors predisposing the development of epilepsy have not been fully identified. Objective: To assess the risk of developing epilepsy in AE and study related risk factors. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective single centre study including patients diagnosed with AE according to criteria described by Graus et al., with a minimum follow-up of 12 months after AE resolution. The sample was divided according to whether patients developed epilepsy or not. Results: A total of 19 patients were included; 3 (15.8%) had AE with intracellular antibodies, 9 (47.4%) with extracellular antibodies, and 7 (36.8%) were seronegative. During follow-up, 3 patients (15.8%) died, 4 (21.1%) presented relapses of AE, and 11 (57.89%) developed epilepsy. There was a significant association between the development of epilepsy and the presence of hippocampal atrophy in control brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (p = 0.037), interictal epileptiform discharges (IED) on control electroencephalogram (EEG) (p = 0.045), and immunotherapy delay (p = 0.016). Conclusions: Hippocampal atrophy in neuroimaging, IED on EEG during follow-up, and immunotherapy delay could be predictors of the development of epilepsy in patients with AE. |
Note: | Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091182 |
It is part of: | Brain Sciences, 2021, vol. 11, num. 9, p. 1182 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2445/180368 |
Related resource: | https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11091182 |
ISSN: | 2076-3425 |
Appears in Collections: | Articles publicats en revistes (Institut d'lnvestigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)) |
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