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Title: | Prognostic Value of Soluble AXL in Serum from Heart Failure Patients with Preserved and Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction |
Author: | Cristóbal, Helena Enjuanes, Cristina Batlle, Montserrat Tajes, Marta Campos Bonilla, Begoña Francesch, Josep Moliner, Pedro Farrero, Marta Andrea, Rut Ortiz Pérez, José Tomás Morales, Albert Sabaté, Manel Comin Colet, Josep García de Frutos, Pablo |
Keywords: | Pronòstic mèdic Malalties cardiovasculars Prognosis Cardiovascular diseases |
Issue Date: | 28-Feb-2023 |
Publisher: | MDPI AG |
Abstract: | Heart failure (HF) is classified according to the degree of reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) in HF with reduced, mildly reduced, and preserved EF. Biomarkers could behave differently depending on EF type. Here, we analyze the soluble form of the AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (sAXL) in HF patients with reduced and preserved EF. Two groups of HF patients with reduced (HFrEF; n = 134) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF; n = 134) were included in this prospective observational study, with measurements of candidate biomarkers and functional, clinical, and echocardiographic variables. A Cox regression model was used to determine predictors for clinical events: cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality. sAXL circulating values predicted outcome in HF: for a 1.0 ng/mL increase in serum sAXL, the mortality hazard ratio (HR) was 1.019 for HFrEF (95% CI 1.000 to 1.038) and 1.032 for HFpEF (95% CI 1.013 to 1.052). In a multivariable Cox regression analysis, sAXL and NT-proBNP were independent markers for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in HFpEF. In contrast, only NT-proBNP remained significant in the HFrEF group. When analyzing the event-free survival at a mean follow-up of 3.6 years, HFrEF and HFpEF patients in the higher quartile of sAXL had a reduced survival time. Interestingly, sAXL is a reliable predictor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality only in the HFpEF cohort. The results suggest an important role for AXL in HFpEF, supporting sAXL evaluation in larger clinical studies and pointing to AXL as a potential target for HF therapy. |
Note: | Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13030446 |
It is part of: | Journal of Personalized Medicine, 2023, vol. 13, num. 3 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2445/197670 |
Related resource: | https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13030446 |
ISSN: | 2075-4426 |
Appears in Collections: | Articles publicats en revistes (Institut d'lnvestigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)) |
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