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Title: | Machine learning algorithms to the early diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders |
Author: | Ramos Triguero, Anna Navarro Tapia, Elisabet Vieiros, Melina Mirahi, Afrooz Astals Vizcaíno, Marta Almela, Lucas Martinez, Leopoldo García Algar, Óscar Andreu-Fernández, Vicente |
Keywords: | Alcohol Aprenentatge automàtic Diagnòstic prenatal Malalties del fetus Manifestacions neurològiques de les malalties Alcohol Machine learning Prenatal diagnosis Fetus diseases Neurologic manifestations of general diseases |
Issue Date: | 6-May-2024 |
Publisher: | Frontiers Media |
Abstract: | Introduction: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders include a variety of physical and neurocognitive disorders caused by prenatal alcohol exposure. Although their overall prevalence is around 0.77%, FASD remains underdiagnosed and little known, partly due to the complexity of their diagnosis, which shares some symptoms with other pathologies such as autism spectrum, depression or hyperactivity disorders. <strong>Methods: </strong>This study included control and patients diagnosed with FASD. Variables selected were based on IOM classification, including sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological characteristics. Statistical analysis included KruskalWallis test for quantitative factors, Chi square test for qualitative variables, and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for predictions. <strong>Results: </strong>This study explores the application ML in diagnosing FASD and its subtypes: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), partial FAS (pFAS), and Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ARND). ML constructed a profile for FASD based onsociodemographic,clinical, and psychological data from children with FASD compared to a control group. Random Forest (RF) model was the most efficient for predicting FASD, achieving the highest metrics in accuracy (0.92), precision (0.96), sensitivity (0.92), F1 Score (0.94), specificity (0.92), and AUC (0.92). For FAS, XGBoost model obtained the highest accuracy (0.94), precision (0.91), sensitivity (0.91), F1 Score (0.91), specificity (0.96), and AUC (0.93). In the case of pFAS, RF model showed its effectiveness, with high levels of accuracy (0.90), precision (0.86), sensitivity (0.96), F1 Score (0.91), specificity (0.83), and AUC (0.90). For ARND, RF model obtained the best levels of accuracy (0.87), precision (0.76), sensitivity (0.93), F1 Score (0.84), specificity (0.83), and AUC (0.88). Our study identified key variables for e cient FASD screening, including traditional clinical characteristics like maternal alcohol consumption, lipphiltrum, microcephaly, height and weight impairment, as well as neuropsychological variables such as the Working Memory Index (WMI), aggressive behavior, IQ, somatic complaints, and depressive problems. <strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings emphasize the importance of ML analyses for early diagnoses of FASD, allowing a better understanding of FASD subtypes to potentially improve clinical practice and avoid misdiagnosis. |
Note: | Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1400933 |
It is part of: | Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2024, vol. 6, num.18 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2445/213333 |
Related resource: | https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2024.1400933 |
ISSN: | 1662-4548 |
Appears in Collections: | Articles publicats en revistes (Cirurgia i Especialitats Medicoquirúrgiques) Articles publicats en revistes (BCNatal Fetal Medicine Research Center) Articles publicats en revistes (IDIBAPS: Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer) |
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