# name
Use of anthropophilic culicid-based xenosurveillance as a proxy
                for Plasmodium vivax malaria burden and transmission hotspots
                identification

# metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Vector-borne diseases account for more than 17% of all
                infectious diseases, causing more than one million deaths
                annually. Malaria remains one of the most important public
                health problems worldwide. These vectors are bloodsucking
                insects, which can transmit disease-producing microorganisms
                during a blood meal. The contact of culicids with human
                populations living in malaria-endemic areas suggests that the
                identification of Plasmodium genetic material in the blood
                present in the gut of these mosquitoes may be possible. The
                process of assessing the blood meal for the presence of
                pathogens is termed 'xenosurveillance'. In view of this, the
                present work investigated the relationship between the frequency
                with which Plasmodium DNA is found in culicids and the frequency
                with which individuals are found to be carrying malaria
                parasites. A cross-sectional study was performed in a peri-urban
                area of Manaus, in the Western Brazilian Amazon, by
                simultaneously collecting human blood samples and trapping
                culicids from households. A total of 875 individuals were
                included in the study and a total of 13,374mosquito specimens
                were captured. Malaria prevalence in the study area was 7.7%.
                The frequency of households with at least one culicid specimen
                carrying Plasmodium DNA was 6.4%. Plasmodium infection incidence
                was significantly related to whether any Plasmodium positive
                blood-fed culicid was found in the same household [IRR 3.49
                (CI95% 1.38-8.84); p = 0.008] and for indoor-collected culicids
                [IRR 4.07 (CI95%1.25-13.24); p = 0.020]. Furthermore, the number
                of infected people in the house at the time of mosquito
                collection was related to whether there were any positive
                blood-fed culicid mosquitoes in that household for collection
                methods combined [IRR 4.48 (CI95%2.22-9.05); p<0.001] or only
                for indoor-collected culicids [IRR 4.88 (CI95%2.01-11.82);
                p<0.001]. Our results suggest that xenosurveillance can be
                used in endemic tropical regions in order to estimate the
                malaria burden and identify transmission foci in areas where
                Plasmodium vivax is predominant.

# metadata.dc.relation.isformatof[].value
Reproducció del document publicat a: http://dx.doi.org/
                10.1371/journal.pntd.0006909

# metadata.dc.relation.ispartof[].value
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2018, vol. 12, p. e0006909

# metadata.dc.source[].value
Articles publicats en revistes (ISGlobal)

# metadata.dc.title[].value
Use of anthropophilic culicid-based xenosurveillance as a proxy
                for Plasmodium vivax malaria burden and transmission hotspots
                identification