# name
Pacing during an ultramarathon running event in hilly terrain

# metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
PURPOSE: The dynamics of speed selection as a function of
                distance, or pacing, are used in recreational, competitive, and
                scientific research situations as an indirect measure of the
                psycho-physiological status of an individual. The purpose of
                this study was to determine pacing on level, uphill and downhill
                sections of participants in a long (>80 km) ultramarathon
                performed on trails in hilly terrain. METHODS: Fifteen
                ultramarathon runners competed in a 173 km event (five finished
                at 103 km) carrying a Global-Positioning System (GPS) device.
                Using the GPS data, we determined the speed, relative to average
                total speed, in level (LEV), uphill (UH) and downhill (DH)
                gradient categories as a function of total distance, as well as
                the correlation between overall performance and speed
                variability, speed loss, and total time stopped. RESULTS: There
                were no significant differences in normality, variances or means
                in the relative speed in 173-km and 103-km participants.
                Relative speed decreased in LEV, UH and DH. The main component
                of speed loss occurred between 5% and 50% of the event distance
                in LEV, and between 5% and 95% in UH and DH. There were no
                significant correlations between overall performance and speed
                loss, the variability of speed, or total time stopped.
                CONCLUSIONS: Positive pacing was observed at all gradients, with
                the main component of speed loss occurring earlier (mixed
                pacing) in LEV compared to UH and DH. A speed reserve (increased
                speed in the last section) was observed in LEV and UH. The
                decrease in speed and variability of speed were more important
                in LEV and DH than in UH. The absence of a significant
                correlation between overall performance and descriptors of
                pacing is novel and indicates that pacing in ultramarathons in
                trails and hilly terrain differs to other types of running
                events.

# metadata.dc.relation.isformatof[].value
Reproducció del document publicat a:
                http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2591

# metadata.dc.source[].value
Articles publicats en revistes (ISGlobal)

# metadata.dc.title[].value
Pacing during an ultramarathon running event in hilly terrain