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Muddying the waters: How grade distributions change when university exams go online

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We analyse how grade distributions change when higher education evaluations transition online and disentangle the mechanisms that help to explain the change observed in students’ results. We leverage administrative panel data, survey data and data on course plans from a large undergraduate degree at the University of Barcelona. We show that grade averages increase and their dispersion reduce. (...)

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IEB (Institut d’Economia de Barcelona) – Working Papers

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Muddying the waters: How grade distributions change when university exams go online