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Human LY9 governs CD4+ T cell IFN-γ immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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CD4+ T cells are indispensable for optimal immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), a pathogen that triggers tuberculosis (TB) in humans. M.tb-specific human CD4+ T cells are known to polarize toward an interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing, CCR4-CCR6+CXCR3+T-bet+RORγT+ T helper 1* cell (TH1*cell) memory phenotype. We report that autosomal recessive deficiency of the human lymphocytic surface receptor LY9 (SLAMF3 and CD229), which is found in less than 10-5 individuals in the general population, underlies TB in three unrelated patients due to selective impairment in IFN-γ production by TH1* cells. TH1* cells express higher levels of LY9 than other CD4+ T cells. Mechanistically, LY9 polarizes naïve CD4+ T cells toward memory TH1* cells by inducing T-bet via signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM)-associated protein (SAP) and RORγT (thymus-specific retinoid-related orphan receptor γ) without SAP. LY9 costimulation enhances TCR-driven IFN-γ production of memory TH1*, but not TH1, cells in a T cell-intrinsic manner via NFAT1 (nuclear factor of activated T cells 1) and RORγT. LY9 is likely to govern an optimal TH1* cell- and IFN-γ-dependent protective immunity to M.tb in humans.

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American Association for the Advancement of Science

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Science Immunology, 2025, vol. 10, num. 107

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Articles publicats en revistes (Biomedicina)

# metadata.dc.title[].value
Human LY9 governs CD4+ T cell IFN-γ immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis