# name
Changing Trends in P. falciparum Burden, Immunity, and Disease in Pregnancy

# metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
Background Prevention of reinfection and resurgence is an integral component of the goal to eradicate malaria. However, the adverse effects of malaria resurgences are not known.
    Methods We assessed the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum
                infection among 1819 Mozambican women who delivered infants
                between 2003 and 2012. We used microscopic and histologic
                examination and a quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (qPCR)
                assay, as well as flow-cytometric analysis of IgG antibody
                responses against two parasite lines. Results Positive qPCR
                tests for P. falciparum decreased from 33% in 2003 to 2% in 2010
                and increased to 6% in 2012, with antimalarial IgG antibody
                responses mirroring these trends. Parasite densities in
                peripheral blood on qPCR assay were higher in 2010-2012
                (geometric mean [+/-SD], 409+/-1569 genomes per microliter) than
                in 2003-2005 (44+/-169 genomes per microliter, P=0.02), as were
                parasite densities in placental blood on histologic assessment
                (50+/-39% of infected erythrocytes vs. 4+/-6%, P<0.001). The
                malaria-associated reduction in maternal hemoglobin levels was
                larger in 2010-2012 (10.1+/-1.8 g per deciliter in infected
                women vs. 10.9+/-1.7 g per deciliter in uninfected women; mean
                difference, -0.82 g per deciliter; 95% confidence interval [CI],
                -1.39 to -0.25) than in 2003-2005 (10.5+/-1.1 g per deciliter
                vs. 10.6+/-1.5 g per deciliter; difference, -0.12 g per
                deciliter; 95% CI, -0.67 to 0.43), as was the reduction in birth
                weight (2863+/-440 g in women with past or chronic infections
                vs. 3070+/-482 g in uninfected women in 2010-2012; mean
                difference, -164.5 g; 95% CI, -289.7 to -39.4; and 2994+/-487 g
                vs. 3117+/-455 g in 2003-2005; difference, -44.8 g; 95% CI,
                -139.1 to 49.5). Conclusions Antimalarial antibodies were
                reduced and the adverse consequences of P. falciparum infections
                were increased in pregnant women after 5 years of a decline in
                the prevalence of malaria. (Funded by Malaria Eradication
                Scientific Alliance and others.).

# metadata.dc.source[].value
Articles publicats en revistes (ISGlobal)

# metadata.dc.title[].value
Changing Trends in P. falciparum Burden, Immunity, and Disease in Pregnancy