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Dynamics of emerging functional shifts in cooperative systems

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Treballs Finals de Grau de Física, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2021, Tutors: Josep Sardanyés, M. Carmen de Miguel

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Hypercycles are cyclic catalytic systems formed by replicating species, conceived in the 1970’s as a solution to the so-called information crisis or Eigen’s paradox. So far, hypercycles have considered only cooperation, together with the emergence of so-called catalytic short-circuits and parasites. More recently, the impact of functional shifts (the change from cooperation to degradation or predation by one of the species) has been investigated in both discrete- and continuous-time systems. These previous models, however, included these shifts in an implicit manner, assuming that some species or a given fraction of them changed cooperation. Here a simple model for a two-species hypercycle is proposed, in which one of the species explicitly produces a degrader phenotype due to mutational processes, where the eﬀects of cleavage and predation have been studied. We have identiﬁed a saddle-node bifurcation separating coexistence from co-extinctions, involving bistable dynamics before the bifurcation occurs. Although the eﬀects of predation have been found to be damaging, cleavage turns out to be, to some extent, beneﬁcial

# metadata.dc.title[].value
Dynamics of emerging functional shifts in cooperative systems