# name
Association of TLR variants with susceptibility to Plasmodium
                vivax malaria and parasitemia in the Amazon region of Brazil

# metadata.dc.description.abstract[].value
BACKGROUND: Plasmodium vivax malaria (Pv-malaria) is still
                considered a neglected disease despite an alarming number of
                individuals being infected annually. Malaria pathogenesis occurs
                with the onset of the vector-parasite-host interaction through
                the binding of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
                and receptors of innate immunity, such as toll-like receptors
                (TLRs). The triggering of the signaling cascade produces an
                elevated inflammatory response. Genetic polymorphisms in TLRs
                are involved in susceptibility or resistance to infection, and
                the identification of genes involved with Pv-malaria response is
                important to elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease and may
                contribute to the formulation of control and elimination tools.
                METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A retrospective case-control
                study was conducted in an intense transmission area of
                Pv-malaria in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Genetic
                polymorphisms (SNPs) in different TLRs, TIRAP, and CD14 were
                genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment
                length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis in 325 patients infected
                with P. vivax and 274 healthy individuals without malaria
                history in the prior 12 months from the same endemic area.
                Parasite load was determined by qPCR. Simple and multiple
                logistic/linear regressions were performed to investigate
                association between the polymorphisms and the occurrence of
                Pv-malaria and parasitemia. The C/T (TLR5 R392StopCodon) and T/T
                (TLR9 -1486C/T) genotypes appear to be risk factors for
                infection by P. vivax (TLR5: C/C vs. C/T [OR: 2.116, 95% CI:
                1.054-4.452, p = 0.031]; TLR9: C/C vs. T/T [OR: 1.919, 95% CI:
                1.159-3.177, p = 0.010]; respectively). Fever (COEF = 7599.46,
                95% CI = 3063.80-12135.12, p = 0.001) and the C/C genotype of
                TLR9 -1237C/T (COEF = 17006.63, 95% CI = 3472.83-30540.44, p =
                0.014) were independently associated with increased parasitemia
                in patients with Pv-malaria. CONCLUSIONS: Variants of TLRs may
                predispose individuals to infection by P. vivax. The TLR5
                R392StopCodon and TLR9 -1486C/T variants are associated with
                susceptibility to Pv-malaria. Furthermore, the TLR9 variant
                -1237C/C correlates with high parasitemia.

# metadata.dc.relation.isformatof[].value
Reproducció del document publicat a:
                http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183840

# metadata.dc.source[].value
Articles publicats en revistes (ISGlobal)

# metadata.dc.title[].value
Association of TLR variants with susceptibility to Plasmodium
                vivax malaria and parasitemia in the Amazon region of Brazil