Ni, JiaqiNishi, Stephanie K.Babio, NancyRos Rahola, EmilioBasterra-Gortari, F. JavierCorella Piquer, DoloresCastañer, OlgaMartínez, J AlfredoAlonso-Gómez, Ángel M.Wärnberg, JuliaVioque, JesúsRomaguera, DoraLópez-Miranda, JoséEstruch Riba, RamonTinahones, Francisco J.Santos Lozano, Jose ManuelSerra Majem, LluísCano Ibáñez, NaomiTur, Josep A.Fernández-García, José ManuelPintó Sala, XavierDelgado-Rodríguez, MiguelMatía-Martín, PilarVidal, JosepVázquez, ClotildeDaimiel, LidiaFernández Aranda, FernandoRuiz Canela, MiguelMestres Solà, CristinaPortolés, OlgaSala-Vila, AleixGarcia-Rios, AntonioCompañ-Gabucio, Laura MaríaGómez Gracia, EnriqueZulet, M. AngelesChaplin, AliceCasas Rodríguez, Rosa M.Martínez-Diz, SilviaTojal Sierra, LucasGómez-Pérez, Ana MaríaToledo Atucha, EstefaníaRíos, Santiago (Ríos Azuara)Ortega-Azorín, Carolinade la Torre, RafaelPeña-Orihuela, Patricia J.Garcia-de la Hera, ManuelaSayón-Orea, CarmenMalcampo, MireiaSalas-Salvadó, Jordi2024-02-192024-02-192023-080002-9165https://hdl.handle.net/2445/207697Background: Tree nuts and peanuts (henceforth, nuts) are nutrient-dense foods rich in neuroprotective components; thus, their consumption could benefit cognitive health. However, evidence to date is limited and inconsistent regarding the potential benefits of nuts for cognitive function. Objective: To prospectively evaluate the association between nut consumption and 2-y changes in cognitive performance in older adults at cognitive decline risk. Methods: A total of 6,630 participants aged 55 to 75 y (mean age 65.0±4.9 y, 48.4% women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline and a 2-y follow-up. Composite cognitive scores were used to assess global, general, attention, and executive function domains. Nut consumption was categorized as <1, ≥1 to <3, ≥3 to <7, and ≥7 servings/wk (1 serving=30 g). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were fitted to assess associations between baseline nut consumption and 2-y cognitive changes.<strong>Results: </strong>Nut consumption was positively associated with 2-y changes in general cognitive function (P-trend <0.001). Compared with participants consuming <1 serving/wk of nuts, those categorized as consuming ≥3 to <7 and ≥7 servings/wk showed more favorable changes in general cognitive performance (β z-score [95% CI] = 0.06 [0.00,0.12] and 0.13 [0.06,0.20], respectively). No significant changes were observed in the multivariable-adjusted models for other cognitive domains assessed.<strong>Conclusion: </strong>Frequent nut consumption was associated with a smaller decline in general cognitive performance over 2 y in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. Randomized clinical trials to verify our findings are warranted.9 p.application/pdfengcc-by-nc-nd (c) Ni, Jiaqi, et al.; Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Society for Nutrition, 2023http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/EnvellimentCognicióFruita secaAgingCognitionDried fruitinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article7348662024-02-19info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess37269908