Vilchez, Helem H.Escudero Sánchez, RosaFernandez-Sampedro, MartaMurillo Rubio, ÓscarAuñón, ÁlvaroRodríguez-Pardo, DolorsJover-Sáenz, AlfredoDel Toro, Maria DoloresRico, AliciaFalgueras, LuisPraena Segovia, JuliaGuío, LauraIribarren, José A.Lora-Tamayo Morillo-Velarde, JaimeBenito Hernández, M. Natividad deMorata, LauraRamirez, AntonioRiera, Melchor2022-09-272022-09-272021-04-212079-6382https://hdl.handle.net/2445/189350This retrospective, multicenter observational study aimed to describe the outcomes of surgical and medical treatment of C. acnes-related prosthetic joint infection (PJI) and the potential benefit of rifampin-based therapies. Patients with C. acnes-related PJI who were diagnosed and treated between January 2003 and December 2016 were included. We analyzed 44 patients with C. acnes-related PJI (median age, 67.5 years (IQR, 57.3-75.8)); 75% were men. The majority (61.4%) had late chronic infection according to the Tsukayama classification. All patients received surgical treatment, and most antibiotic regimens (43.2%) included β-lactam. Thirty-four patients (87.17%) were cured; five showed relapse. The final outcome (cure vs. relapse) showed a nonsignificant trend toward higher failure frequency among patients with previous prosthesis (OR: 6.89; 95% CI: 0.80-58.90) or prior surgery and infection (OR: 10.67; 95% IC: 1.08-105.28) in the same joint. Patients treated with clindamycin alone had a higher recurrence rate (40.0% vs. 8.8%). Rifampin treatment did not decrease recurrence in patients treated with β-lactams. Prior prosthesis, surgery, or infection in the same joint might be related to recurrence, and rifampin-based combinations do not seem to improve prognosis. Debridement and implant retention appear a safe option for surgical treatment of early PJI.13 p.application/pdfengcc-by (c) Vilchez, Helem H. et al., 2021https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Bacteris anaerobisInfeccionsCirurgiaPròtesisAnaerobic bacteriaInfectionsSurgeryProsthesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article7200152022-09-27info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess