Toll, A.Portella, M.Robledo, P.Barrera Conde, M.De La Torre, R.Ginés, J.M.Diez Aja, C.Soria, VirginiaLópez García, PilarPérez Solà, V.Alvarez, P.2024-11-082024-11-082022-06-011778-3585https://hdl.handle.net/2445/216323Introduction: Inflammation and neural plasticity play a significant role in major depressive disorder (MDD) pathogenesis and cognitive dysfunction. The olfactory neuroepithelium (ON), closely related to the central nervous system (CNS), allows a non-invasive, low-cost study of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, few studies have used ON cells to ascertain them as biomarkers for MDD. Objectives: Determine the relationship between inflammatory/neural plasticity markers and cognitive functioning in MDD patients and healthy controls. Methods: Sample: 9 MDD patients and 7 healthy controls. Exclusion criteria: other Axis I mental disorders (patients) or any mental disorder (controls) and any inflammatory, autoimmune, or CNS diseases. Assessment: sociodemographic, clinical, and cognitive variables (CANTAB) were recorded. mRNA was isolated from ON cells and MAPK14, IL6, TNF-α, Mecp2, BDNF, GSK3, GRIA2, and FosB gene expression levels were quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: MDD patients showed decreased levels of BDNF (p=0.022), GSK3 (p=0.027), and working memory (p=0.024) compared with healthy controls. In healthy controls, planning was positively correlated with NRF2, BDNF, and MAPK14 gene expression. In MDD patients no correlation between cognitive parameters and inflammation/neural plasticity biomarkers was found. Conclusions: These results reveal that: (1) Plasticity biomarkers such as BDNF and GSK3 could be useful diagnostic tools for MDD (2) MDD is associated with working memory deficits; (3) no association could be determined between planning and NRF2, BDNF, and MAPK14 gene expression in MDD and (4) the ON is a promising model in the study of neuropsychiatric disorders.1 p.application/pdfengcc by (c) Toll, A. et al., 2024http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/Depressió psíquicaInflamacióMental depressionInflammationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article2024-10-16info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess