Moreno García, EstelaPuerta-Alcalde, PedroGariup, GiuseppeFernández Ruiz, MarioLópez Cortés, Luis EduardoCuervo Requena, GuillermoSalavert, MiguelMerino, PalomaMachado, MarinaGuinea, JesúsGarcía Rodríguez, JulioGarnacho Montero, JoséCardozo Espinola, CeliaPeman,JavierMontejo, MartaFortún, JesúsAlmirante, BenitoCastro, CarmenRodríguez Baño, JesúsAguado, José MaríaMartínez, J. Alfredo, 1957-Carratalà, JordiSoriano Viladomiu, AlexGarcia Vidal, Carolina2021-11-252021-11-252021-05-162328-8957https://hdl.handle.net/2445/181487Background. There are no clear criteria for antifungal de-escalation after initial empirical treatments. We hypothesized that early de-escalation (ED) (within 5 days) to fluconazole is safe in fluconazole-susceptible candidemia with controlled source of infection. Methods. This is a multicenter post hoc study that included consecutive patients from 3 prospective candidemia cohorts (20072016). The impact of ED and factors associated with mortality were assessed. Results. Of 1023 candidemia episodes, 235 met inclusion criteria. Of these, 54 (23%) were classified as the ED group and 181 (77%) were classified as the non-ED group. ED was more common in catheter-related candidemia (51.9% vs 31.5%; P = .006) and episodes caused by Candida parapsilosis, yet it was less frequent in patients in the intensive care unit (24.1% vs 39.2%; P = .043), infections caused by Nakaseomyces glabrata (0% vs 9.9%; P = .016), and candidemia from an unknown source (24.1% vs 47%; P = .003). In the ED and non-ED groups, 30-day mortality was 11.1% and 29.8% (P = .006), respectively. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (odds ratio [OR], 3.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48-10.61), Pitt score > 2 (OR, 4.39; 95% CI, 1.94-9.20), unknown source of candidemia (OR, 2.59; 95% CI, 1.14-5.86), candidemia caused by Candida albicans (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.48-10.61), and prior surgery (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.08-0.97) were independent predictors of mortality. Similar results were found when a propensity score for receiving ED was incorporated into the model. ED had no significant impact on mortality (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.16-1.53). Conclusions. Early de-escalation is a safe strategy in patients with candidemia caused by fluconazole-susceptible strains with controlled source of bloodstream infection and hemodynamic stability. These results are important to apply antifungal stewardship strategies.7 p.application/pdfengcc by-nc-nd (c) Moreno García, Estela et al, 2021http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/CandidiasiTerapèuticaCandidiasisTherapeuticsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article2021-11-25info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess34104670