Rodrigo, Manuel A.Sirés Sadornil, IgnacioPonce de León, Carlos2022-03-312024-02-042022-02-041572-6657https://hdl.handle.net/2445/184546Scientific progress, at an individual and institutional level, often requires a trade-off between cooperation and competition, and success is frequently limited by secrecy and unshared scientific advances. If properly managed, national, and transnational scientific and/or technological networks, may be remarkably effective tools for establishing a competitive edge through cooperation. The recent Excellence Networks in Spain, COST (Cooperation in Science and Technology) actions at a European level, and CYTED (Programa Iberoamericano de Ciencia y Tecnología para el Desarrollo) projects to promote the harmonic Iberoamerican development of science and technology, are exemplary of win-win initiatives.application/pdfengcc-by-nc-nd (c) Elsevier B.V., 2022https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ElectroquímicaTecnologiaCiènciaElectrochemistryTechnologyScienceinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article7191772022-03-31info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess