López Vicente, MònicaRibas Fitó, NúriaVilor Tejedor, NataliaGarcia Esteban, RaquelFernández Barrés, SílviaDadvand, PayamMurcia, MarioRebagliato, MarisaIbarluzea, JesúsLertxundi, AitanaFernández Somoano, AnaTardón, AdoninaLópez Sabater, María del CarmenRomaguera, DoraVrijheid, MartineSunyer Deu, JordiJulvez, Jordi2021-07-092021-07-092019-03-280022-3476https://hdl.handle.net/2445/178955Objective: To evaluate whether higher omega-6:omega-3 (n-6:n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio in cord plasma is associated with more symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at 4 and 7 years of age. Study design: This study was based on a population-based birth cohort in Spain. N-6 arachidonic acid and n-3 eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid concentrations were measured in cord plasma. At 4 years old, ADHD symptoms were reported by teachers through the ADHD Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed checklist (n = 580). At 7 years old, ADHD symptoms were reported by parents through the Conners' Rating Scale-Revised (short form; n = 642). The ADHD variable was treated as continuous (score) and as dichotomous (symptom diagnostic criteria). Child and family general characteristics were prospectively collected through questionnaires. We applied pooled zero-inflated negative binomial and logistic regressions adjusted for covariates. Results: A higher omega-6:omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio in cord plasma was associated with a higher ADHD index (incidence rate ratio, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.03, 1.23) at 7 years old. The association was not observed at 4 years old (incidence rate ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.92-1.18). No associations were found using ADHD symptom diagnostic criteria. Conclusions: High prenatal omega-6:omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio preceded the appearance of subclinical ADHD symptoms during mid-childhood. Our findings suggest that maternal diet during pregnancy may modulate the risk to develop long-term ADHD symptoms in the offspring.2109797 p.application/pdfengcc-by-nc-nd (c) Mosby, 2019https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/InfantsNeurobiologia del desenvolupamentTrastorns per dèficit d'atenció amb hiperactivitat en els infantsÀcids grassosChildrenDevelopmental neurobiologyAttention deficit disorder with hyperactivity in childrenFatty acidsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article6970112021-07-09info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess30929929