Armangué, ThaísLeypoldt, FrankMálaga, IgnacioRaspall Chaure, MiquelMarti, ItxasoNichter, CharlesPugh, JohnVicente-Rasoamalala, MónicaLafuente-Hidalgo, MiguelMacaya Ruiz, AlfonsKe, MichaelTitulaer, Maarten J.Höftberger, RomanaSheriff, HeatherGlaser, CarolDalmau Obrador, Josep2019-02-272019-02-272014-020364-5134https://hdl.handle.net/2445/129163In 5 prospectively diagnosed patients with relapsing post-herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies were identified. Antibody synthesis started 1 to 4 weeks after HSE, preceding the neurological relapse. Three of 5 patients improved postimmunotherapy, 1 spontaneously, and 1 has started to improve. Two additional patients with NMDAR antibodies, 9 with unknown neuronal surface antibodies, and 1 with NMDAR and unknown antibodies, were identified during retrospective assessment of 34 HSE patients; the frequency of autoantibodies increased over time (serum, p=0.004; cerebrospinal fluid, p=0.04). The 3 retrospectively identified NMDAR antibody-positive patients also had evidence of relapsing post-HSE. Overall, these findings indicate that HSE triggers NMDAR antibodies and potentially other brain autoimmunity.10 p.application/pdfeng(c) American Neurological Association, 2013EncefalitisHerpesAutoimmunitatMalalties cerebralsEncephalitisHerpesvirus diseasesAutoimmunityBrain diseasesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article6543432019-02-27info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess24318406