O'Rourke, ThomasDiego Balaguer, Ruth de2020-03-262020-03-262020-010149-7634https://hdl.handle.net/2445/154103The ability to pick out a unique entity with a proper name is an important component of human language. It has been a primary focus of research in the philosophy of language since the nineteenth century. Brain-based evidence has shed new light on this capacity, and an extensive literature indicates the involvement of distinct fronto-temporal and temporo-occipito-parietal association cortices in proper-name retrieval. However, comparatively few efforts have sought to explain how memory encoding processes lead to the later recruitment of these distinct regions at retrieval. Here, we provide a unified account of proper-name encoding and retrieval, reviewing evidence that socio-emotional and unitized encoding subserve the retrieval of proper names via anterior-temporal-prefrontal activations. Meanwhile, non-unitized item-item and item-context encoding support subsequent retrieval, largely dependent on the temporo-occipito-parietal cortex. We contend that this well-established divergence in encoding systems can explain how proper names are later retrieved from distinct neural structures. Furthermore, we explore how evidence reviewed here can inform a century-and-a-half-old debate about proper names and the meanings they pick out.14 p.application/pdfengcc-by-nc-nd (c), O'Rourke et al., 2020http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/esMemòriaLingüísticaNoms propisMemoryLinguisticsProper namesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article6959132020-03-26info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess