Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona

Dades

Docència

Institucional

Mediateca

Programari

Recerca

Tesis Doctorals

Treballs de l'alumnat

El Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona és el repositori institucional que conté en format digital els materials derivats de l'activitat docent, investigadora i institucional de la comunitat universitària.

Enviaments recents

Les emocions a les classes de Física i Química de segon d'ESO: Diagnosi, causes i intervenció pedagògica
(2026) Orts Gil, Guillermo; Chesa, Joan
[cat] Aquest treball investiga les emocions envers l’assignatura de física i química de 149 alumnes de segon d'ESO de dos instituts públics de Barcelona, identificant factors metodològics, de gènere i referents familiars que les poden condicionar. Mitjançant qüestionaris Likert i preguntes obertes, la diagnosi inicial confirma l’avorriment i la manca de gaudi envers l’assignatura, així com la desconnexió dels alumnes envers el mètode tradicional pedagògic, on el llibre i els exàmens són les eines pitjor valorades enfront de les eines digitals i els experiments. Es va detectar, també, un biaix de gènere en les emocions dels alumnes, i la influència protectora dels referents familiars científics. Una situació d’aprenentatge (SA) aplicada a 42 alumnes, va millorar la percepció de la matèria en vora el 90% dels participants, tot i que amb resultats emocionals dispars segons el context. En un grup estable, la SA va augmentar de forma significativa el gaudi i l'aprenentatge. Per contra, en un grup disruptiu i inestable, el repte va disparar el nerviosisme i l'aprenentatge va ser menor. En definitiva, aquest TFM ens ha permès aprofundir en el vincle estret que hi ha entre el món de les emocions i l'aprenentatge de la física i la química en l'etapa de 2n d’ESO, i indica que la metodologia didàctica pot millorar les emocions i la percepció de l’assignatura, però que l'èxit de la innovació depèn de l'historial, l’estat emocional i gestió de cada grup-classe. [eng] This study explores the emotions of 149 second-year secondary (ESO) students in Barcelona. It identifies how teaching methods, gender, and family backgrounds shape their attitudes. Using questionnaires and open-ended questions, the initial diagnosis confirms boredom and lack of enjoyment among participants. Students feel disconnected from traditional textbooks and exams, showing a clear preference for digital tools and experiments. A gender bias was also detected, alongside the protective influence of having scientific role models at home. A learning activity applied to 42 students improved the perception of the subject for nearly 90% of participants. However, emotional results varied by context. In a stable group, the intervention significantly boosted enjoyment and learning. In contrast, within a disruptive and unstable group, the same challenge triggered nervousness and resulted in lower learning gains. Ultimately, this work highlights the deep bond between emotions and science learning. It suggests that while new methodologies can improve attitudes, success depends heavily on the history, emotional state, and management of each specific class.
La salut emocional dels familiars cuidadors de joves amb diversitat funcional intel·lectual entre els 12 i els 21 anys de Badalona
(2025-06) Bordanove Riera, Guillem; Martin Toro, Isabel
[cat] Aquest treball de final de grau té com a objectiu analitzar la salut emocional dels familiars cuidadors de joves amb diversitat funcional intel·lectual d’entre 12 i 21 anys a la ciutat de Badalona. Des d’una perspectiva socioeducativa, s’explora com viuen les emocions derivades de la cura, quins suports tenen i com afecten aquestes vivències el seu benestar. La recerca s’ha desenvolupat a partir d’una metodologia qualitativa, mitjançant cinc entrevistes semiestructurades a cinc mares i un pare que compleixen els criteris d’inclusió. A través d’una codificació temàtica manual, les dades s’han agrupat en vuit categories que aborden les emocions habituals, la percepció de la pròpia salut emocional, les situacions de major càrrega, les estratègies d’afrontament, els suports institucionals i comunitaris, les expectatives de futur, el paper de l’educador/a social i l’impacte familiar i social. Els resultats mostren una càrrega emocional constant, sentiments de frustració, culpa i desesperança, així com una forta absència de suports emocionals per part del sistema. Malgrat això, les famílies despleguen estratègies de resiliència, autocura i suport entre iguals que els permeten sostenir la cura en condicions molt complexes. També es posa en evidència la desigualtat en la distribució de rols familiars, especialment pel que fa a les mares. El treball conclou que la vivència emocional d’aquestes famílies és profunda, persistent i sovint invisibilitzada, i que és imprescindible incorporar l’acompanyament emocional i la figura de l’educador/a social com a referent proper i humà dins els serveis d’atenció. Es reclama una resposta institucional i comunitària més integral, justa i centrada en el benestar de tota la unitat familiar. [eng] This final degree project aims to analyse the emotional health of family caregivers of young people with intellectual functional diversity between the ages of 12 and 21 in the city of Badalona. From a socio-educational perspective, it explores how they experience the emotions derived from caregiving, what types of support they receive, and how these experiences impact their overall well-being. The research follows a qualitative methodology, based on five semi-structured interviews with five mothers and one father who meet the inclusion criteria. Through manual thematic coding, the data has been grouped into eight categories that address: common emotions, perception of emotional health, high-stress situations, coping strategies, institutional and community support, future expectations, the role of the social educator, and the family and social impact. The findings reveal a constant emotional burden, feelings of frustration, guilt and hopelessness, as well as a significant lack of emotional support from the system. Despite this, families deploy resilience, self-care and peer support strategies that allow them to sustain caregiving under very challenging conditions. The study also highlights gender inequality in the distribution of family caregiving roles, particularly affecting mothers. The research concludes that the emotional experience of these families is profound, persistent, and often invisible, and that emotional support and the presence of a social educator as a close and human reference figure must be incorporated into care services. A more comprehensive, fair and family-centred institutional and community response is needed.
Ir-based catalysts supported on Sn-doped titania nanotubes for the oxygen evolution reaction in acidic media
(Elsevier Ltd., 2026-02-01) Boter-Carbonell, Josep; Riba, Jordi; Cabot Julià, Pere-Lluís; Sarret i Pons, Maria; Teresa Andreu
The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is sluggish in acidic media, such as in proton exchange water electrolysers, and demand highly active and stable catalysts. Ir-based materials offer excellent performance but are scarce and expensive, motivating efforts to reduce Ir loading while maintaining catalytic efficiency. In this work, Ir nanoparticles (NPs) were deposited via a microwave-assisted polyol method on previously synthesised anatase titania nanotubes (TNTs), doped with 3 at.% Nb or Sn, with a 40 wt.% Ir loading. TNTs were prepared hydrothermally, and structural characterization by Raman spectroscopy and XRD confirmed successful doping, although partial SnO₂ segregation was observed. XPS and Mott–Schottky analyses of the supports revealed the electron-donor character of the dopants, thus enhancing their electrical conductivity, especially in TNT–Sn. The well-dispersed Ir NPs 2 nm in size presented mixed oxidation states, including Ir⁰, IrOx, and IrO2, the first being dominant in Ir/TNT-Sn. The cyclic voltammograms after activation showed reversible redox Ir(III)/Ir(IV) transitions with flat peaks, shifted to more positive potentials than those of the reference Ir Black, indicating strong Ir–support interaction. The linear sweep voltammograms demonstrated the superior activity of the synthesised catalysts over Ir Black, with Ir/TNT–Sn showing the lowest overpotential, and the highest specific current density and turnover frequency. The better activity of the latter was attributed to the structural properties of the TNTs doped with Sn, which allowed increasing the support conductivity and facilitated an even stronger metal-support interaction.
Unravelling the oxygen reduction reaction selectivity of single-atom catalysts on N-doped graphene
(Elsevier Ltd., 2025-10-10) Shaldehi, Tahereh Jangjooye; Exner, Kai S.; Viñes Solana, Francesc; Illas i Riera, Francesc
A systematic investigation of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) under acidic conditions on a series of transition metal-based single-atom catalysts (SACs) on N-doped graphene is presented, focusing on the competing four-electron (4e⁻) and two-electron (2e⁻) pathways. The Gibbs adsorption free energy of key ORR intermediates is evaluated from density functional theory (DFT), and the potential-limiting steps and the corresponding limiting potentials are determined. For the 4e⁻ pathway, Co-based SACs exhibit the most favourable thermodynamic profile, with a thermodynamic overpotential of only 0.38 V, making it highly promising for complete oxygen reduction to water. Conversely, the 2e⁻ pathway leading to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, is energetically favoured on Pt and Pd SACs. Notably, Ni and Cu SACs also demonstrate high selectivity toward the 2e⁻ mechanism but suffer from substantial overpotentials due to the sluggish *OOH reduction step towards H2O2. Activity trends were further assessed using the Gmax(U) descriptor, which quantifies the largest free energy span for each reaction pathway. The results reveal that while some SACs, such as Cu, exhibit potential for both ORR pathways, whereas Pt and Pd clearly favour the 2e⁻ pathway under acidic conditions. These findings offer valuable insights into the design of metal-specific SACs optimized for either complete ORR or selective H2O2 generation.
Inheritance in shortening transfer and kinematics in fold-and-thrust belts: Revisiting the structure of the Jaca Basin, Southern Pyrenees
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-11-01) Muñoz, J. A.; Izquierdo-Llavall, Esther; Santolaria, Pablo; Toro, Rocío; Pueyo, Emilio; Casas, Antonio M.; Granado, Pablo
This study revisits the structural evolution of the Jaca Basin in the Southern Pyrenees through a revision of the works done in the study area combined with a detailed analysis of geological and subsurface data, culminating in a new balanced cross-section. Our findings demonstrate that the propagation of the deformation into the foreland, from the basement to the cover, is heavily influenced by the uneven distribution of the Upper Triassic salt layer, at the base of the deformed Mesozoic-Paleogene succession, and the reactivation of Permian and Triassic extensional faults. This has led to a distinctive non-cylindrical fold-and-thrust belt with frictional and viscous domains displaying different structural styles. In the frictional domains, where Triassic salt is absent, high-angle thrust systems with a short wavelength involve both the basement and overlying strata, resulting in tight folds and related cleavage. In contrast, in the viscous domains where salt is preserved, deformation structures involving the cover succession are decoupled from the basement and propagate further into the foreland. Nevertheless, structures of both domains, independently of their location and geometry, tended to connect and link, resulting into an intricate thrust system with the development of numerous oblique structures. These oblique structures are further accentuated by the reactivation of inherited Permian and Triassic extensional faults, primarily involving basement thrusts. Differences in the topography between the frictional and viscous domains have also influenced the deposition and routing of syntectonic sediments, which in their turn have also determined the thrusting sequence. The evolutionary sequence of thrusting initiated in the late Ypresian and continued into the early Neogene. Contrary to previous models that suggested simply piggy-back propagation, our findings indicate a complex pattern of synchronous and break-back thrusting sequences with continuous forward propagation of the deformation. Detailed field work supports thrusting ages older than previously thought and indicates a greater amount of shortening (approximately 58 km) than earlier estimates. This comprehensive integration of surface and subsurface data challenges traditional interpretations and provides new insights into the structural evolution of the Southern Pyrenees. Our study highlights the importance of considering three-dimensional structural interactions in understanding tectono-sedimentary relationships. These insights into the complex structural geometry of the Jaca Basin enhance our understanding of similar salt-bearing fold-and-thrust belts globally, such as Zagros, Western Alps, Calcareous Alps, among many others, emphasizing the critical role of inherited geological features and uneven salt distribution in shaping orogenic systems.