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Title: | The Role of Premorbid IQ and Age of Onset as Useful Predictors of Clinical, Functional Outcomes, and Recovery of Individuals with a First Episode of Psychosis |
Author: | Molina García, Mariola Fraguas, David Del Rey Mejias, Angel Mezquida Mateos, Gisela Sánchez-Torres, Ana M. Amoretti Guadall, Silvia Lobo, Antonio González-Pinto, Ana Andreu-Bernabeu, Álvaro Corripio, Iluminada Vieta i Pascual, Eduard, 1963- Baeza, Inmaculada, 1970- Mané Santacana, Anna Cuesta, Manuel J. Serna Gómez, Elena de la Payá, Beatriz Zorrilla, Iñaki Arango, Celso Bernardo Arroyo, Miquel Rapado-Castro, Marta Parellada, Mara PEPs Group |
Keywords: | Psicosi Pronòstic mèdic Psychoses Prognosis |
Issue Date: | 2-Jun-2021 |
Publisher: | MDPI |
Abstract: | Background: premorbid IQ (pIQ) and age of onset are predictors of clinical severity and long-term functioning after a first episode of psychosis. However, the additive influence of these variables on clinical, functional, and recovery rates outcomes is largely unknown. Methods: we characterized 255 individuals who have experienced a first episode of psychosis in four a priori defined subgroups based on pIQ (low pIQ < 85; average pIQ ≥ 85) and age of onset (early onset < 18 years; adult onset ≥ 18 years). We conducted clinical and functional assessments at baseline and at two-year follow-up. We calculated symptom remission and recovery rates using the Positive and Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia Schedule (PANSS) and the Global Assessment Functioning (GAF or Children-GAF). We examined clinical and functional changes with pair-wise comparisons and two-way mixed ANOVA. We built hierarchical lineal and logistic regression models to estimate the predictive value of the independent variables over functioning or recovery rates. Results: early-onset patients had more severe positive symptoms and poorer functioning than adult-onset patients. At two-year follow-up, only early-onset with low pIQ and adult-onset with average pIQ subgroups differed consistently, with the former having more negative symptoms (d = 0.59), poorer functioning (d = 0.82), lower remission (61% vs. 81.1%), and clinical recovery (34.1% vs. 62.2%). Conclusions: early-onset individuals with low pIQ may present persistent negative symptoms, lower functioning, and less recovery likelihood at two-year follow-up. Intensive cognitive and functional programs for these individuals merit testing to improve long-term recovery rates in this subgroup. |
Note: | Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10112474 |
It is part of: | Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021, vol. 10, num. 11, p. 2474 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2445/184200 |
Related resource: | https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10112474 |
ISSN: | 2077-0383 |
Appears in Collections: | Articles publicats en revistes (Medicina) Articles publicats en revistes (IDIBAPS: Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer) Publicacions de projectes de recerca finançats per la UE |
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