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https://hdl.handle.net/2445/222504| Title: | Stomach: histological organisation of the gastric wall |
| Other Titles: | L'estómac: organització histològica de la paret gàstrica. |
| Author: | Pérez Clausell, Jeús Universitat de Barcelona. Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia |
| Keywords: | Estómac Aparell digestiu Mucosa gastrointestinal Histologia |
| Issue Date: | 2025 |
| Citation: | Cite as: Pérez-Clausell J (2025). Stomach: histological organisation of the gastric wall. Universitat de Barcelona. Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia. Dipòsit digital UB [consulted on 7/23/2025] https://hdl.handle.net/2445/222504 |
| Abstract: | [ENG] A collection of micrographs illustrating the organisation of the stomach in rats. The layers of the gastric wall and their components –such as blood vessels, fibres and cell types– are shown in paraffin sections stained with hæmatoxylin-eosin stain or van Gieson trichrome. Semithin sections 2 µm thick were stained with toluidine blue. This collection complements the micrographs published by Dr Elena Sagristà i Mateo https://hdl.handle.net/2445/60213 — See also: https://diposit.ub.edu/dspace/browse?type=author&value=Sagrist%C3%A0+i+Mateo%2C+Elena [CAT] Col·lecció de micrografies de l'organització de l'estómac de la rata. Es mostren les capes de la paret estomacal i els seus components (vasos sanguinis, fibres, tipus cel·lulars, etc.) en talls de parafina tenyits amb hematoxilina-eosina o el tricròmic de van Gieson i talls semifins de resina epoxi tenyits amb blau de toluïdina. Aquesta col·lecció complementa les micrografies publicades per la Dra. Elena Sagristà i Mateo https://hdl.handle.net/2445/60213 — I també: https://diposit.ub.edu/dspace/browse?type=author&value=Sagrist%C3%A0+i+Mateo%2C+Elena |
| URI: | https://hdl.handle.net/2445/222504 |
| Appears in Collections: | OMADO (Objectes i MAterials DOcents) |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_2x_58_LETTERS.jpg | Stomach wall in a rat. The mucosa (mu) is heavily stained and spans deep into the wall. The inner part –and border– of the mucosa is the muscularis mucosæ (mm), a thin layer of smooth muscle cells heavily stained with eosin. Beneath this muscular layer, the submucosa (sub) is present. In the folds or rugae of the wall, the mucosa layer and the submucosa can be seen. Deeper than the submucosa, the muscularis layer is present. It is thicker than the muscularis mucosa, heavily stained with eosin (reddish), and does not enter the gastric folds. Paraffin section, hæmatoxylin-eosin stain. | 1.1 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_2x_58.jpg | No labelling. | 1.07 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_4x_62bis_LETTERS.jpg | A fold in the gastric wall in a rat. The mucosa is filled with long tubular glands which open to the surface, forming funnel-shaped depressions called gastric pits (black arrows). The epithelium in those tubular, gastric glands (gg) is heavily stained and is surrounded by loose connective tissue –lightly stained– that forms the lamina propria (asterisks). This lamina propria can also be seen at the bottom of the tubular glands and contains many blood vessels (v). The inner border of the lamina propria is marked by the muscularis mucosæ (mm). In the core of the fold, the submucosa (sub) can be seen. Paraffin section, hæmatoxylin-eosin stain. | 1.34 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_4x_62bis.jpg | No labelling. | 1.3 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_4x_65_LETTERS.jpg | Gastric wall in a rat. The gastric glands (gg) almost fill the whole span of the mucosa. They open to the lumen forming the funnel-shaped, gastric pits (black arrowheads). A loose connective tissue termed lamina propria (lp) fills the gaps between the gastric glands, and also forms a thin layer at the bottom of those tubular glands. The deepest layer within the mucosa is the muscularis mucosæ (mm) which marks the border with the submucosa (sub), which is much paler. Paraffin section, hæmatoxylin-eosin stain. v, blood vessels. | 786.68 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_4x_65.jpg | No labelling. | 761.92 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_20x_82_84_collageB_LETTERS.jpg | Section of the gastric wall in a rat. The mucosa (mc) includes heavily stained, long tubular glands separated by a lightly stained, loose connective tissue, the lamina propria. The innermost layer in the mucosa is the muscularis mucosa (mm) which overlies another layer of connective tissue, the submucosa. Deep within the wall, the muscularis (ms) layer is observed. Paraffin section, hæmatoxylin-eosin stain. Black arrowheads, gastric pits; v, blood vessels. | 1.34 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_20x_82_84_collageB.jpg | No labelling. | 1.27 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_20x_71_LETTERS.jpg | The surface of the gastric mucosa in a rat. A simple, tall columnar epithelium forms the inner surface of the stomach. The nuclei are stained blue and form a single line. Those are mucous cells, and the apical part of the cytoplasm should be pale but is heavily stained with eosin (pink or red). This epithelium is continuous with that in the gastric glands (gg), which open to the surface forming the gastric pits. Interspersed between the gastric glands, the connective tissue in the lamina propria (lp) is lightly stained. A capillary section (from c to c) can be followed for some distance. Paraffin section, hæmatoxylin-eosin stain. | 711.93 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_20x_71.jpg | No labelling. | 678.69 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_20x_73_LETTERS.jpg | Deep regions of the mucosa in the gastric wall in a rat. The base or body of the gastric glands contains large numbers of chief cells (ch) heavily stained with hæmatoxylin. Parietal cells (par) are more frequent at upper regions in the micrograph. They contain a large, centred nucleus stained pale blue surrounded by a pale eosinophilic cytoplasm, resembling a fried egg. Just under the bottom of the gastric glands, a thin layer of connective tissue, the lamina propria (lp) is seen, which spreads between the tubular glands as well. A thin layer of smooth muscle cells, stained red with eosin, forms the muscularis mucosæ layer (mm) which is the deepest component of the mucosa. Just underneath, another layer of connective tissue –the submucosa (sub)– contains sparse cells (blue), collagen fibres (pink) and blood vessels (v). Paraffin section, hæmatoxylin-eosin stain. | 896.95 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_HEosin_20x_73.jpg | No labelling. | 869.48 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_2x_37_LETTERS.jpg | Micrograph of the stomach in a rat. Two folds or rugae in the gastric mucosa (mu) and submucosa (sub) can be seen. Collagen fibres in those layers are pink due to acid fuchsin. A muscularis layer –also termed muscularis externa (me)– is stained brown and can be seen beneath the submucosa. The stomach is surrounded by a serosa including collagen fibres (pink) and an epithelium, which is not visible at this magnification. Paraffin section, van Gieson trichrome. | 1.19 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_2x_37.jpg | No labelling. | 1.16 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_2x_32_LETTERS.jpg | Gastric wall in a rat. The mucosa (mu) includes tall, tubular glands which are heavily stained. The deep border of the mucosa consists of the muscularis mucosa (mm), containing smooth muscle fibres and some collagen fibres stained pink. Those pink collagen fibres can also be seen in the submucosa (sub), which contains large blood vessels. The submucosa forms the core of the gastric folds. On the outside, a muscularis –or muscularis externa (me)– is present. Paraffin section, van Gieson trichrome. | 970.4 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_2x_32.jpg | No labelling. | 932.35 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_4x_41_LETTERS.jpg | The gastric wall in a rat. The mucosa contains tubular glands –the gastric glands (gg)– cut longitudinally and stained brown with Weigert's hæmatoxylin. Between those glands, a lightly stained lamina propria (lp) is observed. A band of this lamina propria lies beneath the body or base of these tubular glands, and is in contact with the muscularis mucosæ (mm), associated to some collagen fibres stained pink. The submucosa (sub) is lightly stained, and narrow in this picture, and is surrounded by the muscularis (me), a thick layer of smooth muscle cells stained brown. Paraffin section, van Gieson trichrome. v, blood vessels. | 1.44 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_4x_41.jpg | No labelling. | 1.42 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_20x_43_45_collage_LETTERS.jpg | Layers in the gastric wall in a rat. The gastric glands in the mucosa were not sectioned longitudinally but obliquely and can be followed for short distances. These gastric glands form funnel-shaped openings at the surface, the gastric pits (black arrowheads). In middle portions of the mucosa, numerous parietal cells (par) are observed: a light brown, round cytoplasm with a dark brown, centred nucleus. At the body or base of those gastric glands, dark brown, chief cells (ch) are present. Beneath the darkly stained bodies, a thin lamina propria (lp) with thin, pink collagen fibres is present, including some vessels (v). In the muscularis mucosæ (mm), brown smooth muscle cells are mixed with pink collagen fibres. Pink collagen fibres are also present in the submucosa (sub). Beneath that, a compact layer of smooth muscle cells forms the muscularis (me). Their cytoplasms are stained light brown with Weigert's hæmatoxylin and the nuclei are dark brown or purple. The shape and orientation of those nuclei indicate at least two muscular layers (white and black segments). Paraffin section, van Gieson trichrome. | 1.41 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_20x_43_45_collage.jpg | No labelling. | 1.37 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_50x_52_LETTERS.jpg | Surface of the gastric mucosa in a rat. The tubular gastric glands open at the surface forming the gastric pits (black arrowhead). Cells in the surface epithelium have a dark brown or purple nucleus and a brown cytoplasm. This epithelium is also present in upper portions of the gland (the isthmus). In deeper regions (the neck), parietal cells (par) are abundant. They present a round, centred nucleus surrounded by a light brown cytoplasm. Between the gastric glands, thin collagen fibres stained pink (empty arrowheads) can be seen in the connective tissue termed lamina propria. In that, capillaries can be seen cut transversally (c) or longitudinally (dashed arrows). Endothelial cell nuclei (en) and pink, delicate, collagen fibres define the border of those vessels. Paraffin section, van Gieson trichrome. | 659.61 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_50x_52.jpg | No labelling. | 621.53 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_50x_50_LETTERS.jpg | Mid portions of the gastric glands (gg) in a rat. Parietal cells (par) predominate here. They have a pale brown cytoplasm and a centred nucleus with dark chromatin at the periphery and a central nucleolus. Between the glands, the lamina propria is profusely vascularised and many capillaries are seen in longitudinal sections (dashed arrows). Paraffin section, van Gieson trichrome. | 695.99 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_50x_50.jpg | No labelling. | 670.74 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_50x_49_LETTERS.jpg | Innermost portion of the gastric mucosa in a rat. The body or base of the gastric glands is rich in chief cells (ch). The basal part of those cells (laterally in the picture) is darkly stained because of the basal nuclei (ch, arrows) and the location of the endoplasmic reticulum (not visible). The apical part of the chief cells forms the core of the tubular glands (dashed, white circles) and includes secretory granules (noticeable in the picture). Parietal cells (par) can be seen in the periphery of the tubular glands (parietal= in the wall; in contrast to the chief cells located in the core). Parietal cells have a light brown cytoplasm and a purple, centred nucleus. The lamina propria (lp, vertical segment) is located at the bottom of the gastric glands, and contains collagen fibres stained pink and blood vessels: capillaries and postcapillary venules (pc). The connective tissue in the lamina propria also spreads between the overlying gastric glands. The muscularis mucosae (mm) is the innermost part of the mucosa. It contains smooth muscle cells with dark, fusiform nuclei, and brown or dark orange cytoplasm. Pink collagen fibres can be seen around those smooth muscle cells. Paraffin section, van Gieson trichrome. | 668.58 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_vGieson_50x_49.jpg | No labelling. | 619.51 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_4x_01_LETTERS.jpg | Gastric mucosa in a rat. Gastric glands are cut obliquely at the left third of the micrograph and longitudinally to the right (gg). These are long, thin tubular glands darkly stained with toluidine blue. The lamina propria (lp), a band of lightly stained connective tissue, is located at the bottom of the gastric glands and contains various blood vessels (v). A thin layer of smooth muscle cells, the muscularis mucosae, defines the lower border of the mucosa. Epoxy section 2 µm thick. | 1.05 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_4x_01.jpg | No labelling. | 945.42 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_20x_04_06_collageB_LETTERS.jpg | Gastric mucosa in a rat. The long, tubular, gastric glands (gg) reach deep portions of the mucosa. The surface epithelium and isthmus (top of the micrograph) are moderately to heavily stained. The mid-portion, the neck, is filled with parietal cells and is more palely stained. The deep portion, the base or body of the gastric gland, contains pepsinogen-secreting cells, which are heavily stained with toluidine blue. Beneath the gastric glands, there is a band of connective tissue, the lamina propria (lp), with collagen fibres stained pale blue and blood vessel profiles (v). This lightly stained lamina propria also fills the gaps between the long, gastric glands. Under the lamina propria, a layer of moderately-stained smooth muscle fibres, the muscularis mucosae (mm), can be seen. A portion of the submucosa (sub) and its collagen fibres is present at the bottom of the micrograph. Epoxy section 2 µm thick, toluidine blue stain. | 1.59 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_20x_04_06_collageB.jpg | No labelling. | 1.56 MB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_100x_028_LETTERS.jpg | Surface epithelium in the gastric mucosa in a rat. These cells contain small mucous granules (arrows) in the apical part, quite different from goblet cells. The granules are heavily stained with toluidine blue. In the gastric pits (arrowheads), this mucous epithelium is folded into the mucosa. A gastric pit obliquely sectioned is seen to the left (empty star). Epoxy section 2 µm thick, toluidine blue stain. N, nucleus of mucous cells. | 661.32 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_100x_028.jpg | No labelling. | 639.08 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_50x_016_LETTERS.jpg | Mid portion of the gastric mucosa in a rat. Parietal cells (par) are the dominant cell type. They have a light nucleus with peripheral chromatin clumps and a central nucleolus (empty arrowheads). An unevenly stained cytoplasm surrounds the nucleus. Chief cells (ch) with darkly stained, basal nuclei can be seen. They contain pepsinogen or zymogen granules (z) which are not stained. Between the secretory glands, a highly vascularised connective tissue –the lamina propria (lp)– contains numerous capillaries (c), some of which run in parallel to the tubular glands (dashed arrow). Epoxy section 2 µm thick, toluidine blue stain. | 885.84 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_50x_016.jpg | No labelling. | 841.97 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_100x_021_LETTERS.jpg | Parietal cells in the gastric mucosa in a rat. The nucleus (N) is round, with unstained, spongy chromatin, some stained clumps in the periphery and a central nucleolus (empty arrowhead). The cells are round and the cytoplasm has a patchy appearance with lighter zones (dashed arrows) compatible with the canaliculi and microvilli described in electron microscopy (Geneser, 1986). Chief cells are also present and they contain a dark nucleus located at the base of the cell (ch) and unstained zymogen granules (z) in the apical part. Capillaries (c) are seen between the glands and are lined by endothelial cells with dark, elongated nuclei (e). Epoxy section 2 µm thick, toluidine blue stain. | 655.56 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_100x_021.jpg | No labelling. | 631.27 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_20x_06_LETTERS.jpg | Deep portions of the gastric mucosa in a rat. In the base or body of the gastric glands, chief cells can be recognised by their dark staining with toluidine blue. Parietal cells (par) are much lighter. The lamina propria (lp) forms a thin band and contains blood vessels (v). Underneath, there is a distinct layer of smooth muscle cells, the muscularis mucosae (mm). At the border of the semi-thin section, a narrow portion of the submucosa (sub) is seen with pale blue collagen fibres and metachromatic mast cells. Epoxy section 2 µm thick, toluidine blue stain. | 956.05 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_20x_06.jpg | No labelling. | 900.01 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_50x_013_LETTERS.jpg | Gastric gland body or base in a rat. The deepest portion of these tubular glands consists of chief cells with a dark nucleus in the basal portion of the cell, surrounded by a dark cytoplasm as well. In contrast, the apical part of the chief cells contains zymogen granules (z) virtually unstained, located towards the lumen or centre of the tubular glands. Some parietal cells (par) can be seen with a round central nucleus and pale cytoplasm. They are located lateral to the chief cells, deeper within the wall of the tubular glands (within the wall = parietal). The lamina propria (lp) consists of loose connective tissue located between the gastric glands, and is highly vascularised with capillaries (c) sectioned in various planes, sometimes longitudinally (dashed segment). Epoxy section 2 µm thick, toluidine blue stain. | 807.05 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_50x_013.jpg | No labelling. | 771.7 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_50x_015_LETTERS.jpg | Basal part of the gastric glands in a rat. Chief cells predominate in these deep regions of the mucosa (dashed circle). The basal part of the chief cells is heavily stained with toluidine blue: dark blue nucleus and dark purple cytoplasm. In contrast, the apical part of the cells, towards the lumen of the tubular glands, contains unstained zymogen granules (z). Parietal cells (par) are also present, containing a nucleus with some chromatin clumps and a lightly stained cytoplasm. The lamina propria (lp) nourishes the secretory glands and is profusely vascularised: an arteriole (a) and several capillaries (c) can be seen. Epoxy section 2 µm thick, toluidine blue stain. | 753.01 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_50x_015.jpg | No labelling. | 713.62 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_100x_022_LETTERS.jpg | Detail of three tubular glands in the gastric mucosa in a rat. Parietal cells (par) have a large, round nucleus with spongy chromatin, a few stained chromatin clumps in the periphery, and a central nucleolus. The cytoplasm is large, round and lightly stained, with lighter patches (dashed arrows) that could reflect the canaliculi and microvilli described in electron microscopy (Geneser, 1986). The chief cells or zymogenic cells (ch) are filled with unstained granules (z) in the apical region of the cell, close to the lumen (L) of the tubular glands. The basal parts of these cells contain a heavily stained nucleus (dark blue). In the connective tissue between the glands, capillaries can be seen. One of them is in longitudinal section, filled with erythrocytes (er) and surrounded by endothelial cells, which contain dark, flattened nuclei (en). Epoxy section 2 µm thick, toluidine blue stain. | 738.55 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_100x_022.jpg | No labelling. | 715.96 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_100x_025_LETTERS.jpg | Muscularis mucosae (mm) deep within the gastric mucosa in a rat. This layer is made up of smooth muscle cells, each containing a single nucleus (arrows) with a dark rim of stained chromatin in the periphery. More superficially, there is another component of the gastric mucosa, the lamina propria (lp). Beneath the muscularis mucosae, the submucosa (sub) is present, containing numerous collagen fibres (empty arrowheads) and fibroblasts (fi). Epoxy section 2 µm thick, toluidine blue stain. | 648.6 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
| P_O_stomach_semithin_2um_100x_025.jpg | No labelling. | 620.72 kB | JPEG |  View/Open |
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