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Modelización y simulación del potencial de almacenamiento geológico de CO₂ con MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST): caso de estudio de la estructura Lopín
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This Final Master’s Thesis develops and implements a numerical model for geological CO₂ storage in the Lopín structure, located in the Ebro Basin, in the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula. The simulation is performed using a vertical-equilibrium implementation developed in MATLAB (MathWorks), within the open-source MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST) developed by SINTEF and based on the logic of its MRST/co2lab module. The model is built from geological and petrophysical data from the European PilotSTRATEGY project, and integrates the geometry of the Buntsandstein B1 reservoir, petrophysical properties, hydraulic boundary conditions and the main CO₂ retention mechanisms.
A total of 15 cases are simulated, organized according to three dimensions of variation: the P10, P50 and P90 probabilistic realizations of the geological model, the injection-well configuration and the hydraulic boundary conditions. The reference scenario corresponds to the P50 realization, with two active wells and mixed boundary conditions. In this case, the model allows 8.46 Mt of CO₂ to be injected over 30 years while keeping the maximum reservoir pressure below the geomechanical safety thresholds defined for the site.
The maximum injectable mass under the bottom-hole pressure criterion reaches 10.71 Mt in the reference scenario. The results show that lateral hydraulic connectivity is one of the factors with the greatest influence on the dynamic response of the system. Mixed boundary conditions, which allow lateral pressure dissipation, increase the maximum injectable mass by a factor of 1.6 to 1.9 compared with the closed model. Therefore, the main limiting factor is not the available pore volume, but the pressure evolution during injection.
The trapping inventory analysis shows that, at the end of the simulated period, corresponding to 1,030 years, mobile free CO₂ under stratigraphic confinement represents approximately 77 % of the stored mass.
Residual trapping accounts for around 18 %, structural trapping for approximately 4 %, and dissolution in brine for less than 1 %. These results indicate that most of the plume remains mobile at the simulated time scale, although it remains confined beneath the caprock and within the modelled domain.
Overall, the results confirm the technical feasibility of the Lopín structure for a pilot phase of geological CO₂ storage. They also identify the hydraulic characterization of faults, validation with well data and the incorporation of geomechanical coupling as priorities for subsequent evaluation stages
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Treballs Finals del Màster d’Energies Renovables i Sostenibilitat Energètica, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona. Curs: 2025-2026. Tutors: Marc Gil Ortiz, Ignasi Herms
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QUINTERO TEJADA, Camilo Antonio. Modelización y simulación del potencial de almacenamiento geológico de CO₂ con MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST): caso de estudio de la estructura Lopín. [consulted: 8 of September of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/231301