Experimental Setup For Measuring The Bell Inequalities

Abstract

This master thesis centers on the construction, development and characterization of an experimental setup to demonstrate quantum nonlocality using polarization-entangled photons through a Bell Test. The generation of polarization-entangled photon pairs is accomplished through Type-I Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion (SPDC), using a pair of Beta Barium Borate (BBO) crystals. The thesis explores the theoretical foundations of SPDC and describes the assembly and alignment process of the system to obtain entangled photon pairs. A significant violation of Bell’s inequalities is observed with a confidence level around 4-σ. This violation is demonstrated using two different entangled states, providing empirical evidence for the existence of non-local correlations beyond classical theories, supporting the principles of quantum mechanics