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Structural and biochemical characterization of a new phage-encoded muramidase, KTN6 Gp46
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Background: Endolysins are phage-encoded lytic enzymes that degrade bacterial peptidoglycan at the end of phage lytic cycles to release new phage particles. These enzymes are being explored as an alternative to small-molecule antibiotics.
Methods: The crystal structure of KTN6 Gp46 was determined and compared with a ColabFold model. Cleavage specificity was examined using a peptidoglycan digest and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS).
Results: The structure of KTN6 Gp46 could be determined at 1.4 Å resolution, and key differences in loops of the putative peptidoglycan binding domain were identified in comparison with its closest known homologue, the endolysin of phage SPN1S. Reversed-phase HPLC/MS analysis of the reaction products following peptidoglycan digestion confirmed the muramidase activity of Gp46, consistent with structural predictions.
Conclusion: These insights into the structure and function of endolysins further expand the toolbox for endolysin engineering and explore their potential in enzyme-based antibacterial design strategies.
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SANZ-GAITERO, Marta, et al. Structural and biochemical characterization of a new phage-encoded muramidase, KTN6 Gp46. PHAGE. Therapy. Applications. Vol. and Research, num. 2024, pags. 5. ISSN 2641-6530. [consulted: 25 of May of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/222946