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cc-by (c) Valera, Sergi et al., 2026
Si us plau utilitzeu sempre aquest identificador per citar o enllaçar aquest document: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/231402

When blue meets green: Behavioural patterns and social lingering around naturalised ponds in Barcelona

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Against the dual challenges of climate vulnerability and biodiversity loss, naturalising urban spaces has emerged as a key nature-based solution for dense Mediterranean cities. This study examined behavioural patterns in urban blue and green spaces, focusing on the presence and influence of naturalised pond environments in public parks. Using a multidimensional systematic observational approach, data were collected from four parks in Barcelona, Spain, each comprising a blue-space area containing a naturalised pond and a nearby green-space area without a pond. Network analysis revealed that green spaces were primarily associated with walking through passage zones, involving both individuals and groups. Blue spaces also supported common activities such as walking and conversing but were additionally associated with distinctive water-related behaviours, including contemplation, interaction with the water, and photography. These activities were predominantly group-based, suggesting that ponds functioned as focal points for social and recreational use. Behaviours associated with lingering accounted for 51.7% of activities in blue spaces, compared with 32.2% in green spaces. These findings indicate that urban blue spaces broaden the range of activities supported by urban parks and are associated with a greater prevalence of social, recreational, and lingering-related behaviours. Incorporating naturalised water features into urban parks may therefore contribute to more engaging and socially supportive public spaces, with potential benefits for community interaction and human well-being.

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VALERA, Sergi, CASTRECHINI TROTTA, Ángela and SCHILLER CALLE, Daniel von. When blue meets green: Behavioural patterns and social lingering around naturalised ponds in Barcelona. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 2026. Vol. 125. ISSN 1618-8667. [consulted: 5 of October of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/231402

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