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Si us plau utilitzeu sempre aquest identificador per citar o enllaçar aquest document: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/178904
The Kafala System: the case of Lebanon and ways forward
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As the process of globalization deepens around the world, migration increases due to
worldwide transformations that affect the economic, social and political spheres. This trend
has been reflected by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) World Migration
Report 2020, which estimates the number of international migrants to be 272 million globally,
of which around two thirds are labor migrants1.
This paper focuses on labor migration in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council states
(GCC), Lebanon, and Jordan. In these countries, labor migration has been particularly
contributory for their development by creating abundant job positions, especially in the areas
of construction and domestic work that have been occupied by migrant workers from other
Arab countries, South-East Asia, and more recently Africa2. This phenomenon has had two
major consequences. Firstly, it presents a major benefit for the migrant workers, who provide
billions of dollars in remittances for their families and countries of origin3. Another benefit is
for the host countries, where there has been a colossal development in their economies and
societies through imported cheap labor, to the extent that major changes in the population size and other demographic variables have been observed. Currently, all GCC countries, with the exception of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and Oman, have a larger migrant population than nationals.
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Màster en Diplomàcia i Organitzacions Internacionals, Centre d'Estudis Internacionals. Universitat de Barcelona. Curs: 2020-2021. Tutor: Jordi Quero.
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PUIG-FERRIOL CABRUJA, Aina. The Kafala System: the case of Lebanon and ways forward. [consulta: 30 de gener de 2026]. [Disponible a: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/178904]