Singularitats de les fotovoltaiques flotants i el seu potencial de desplegament a Catalunya

Abstract

Floating photovoltaic systems are renewable energy installations that generate electricity from solar radiation through photovoltaic modules installed on floating platforms over artificial water bodies. They offer high energy yields, do not require land occupation, and contribute to reducing water evaporation. However, their design and installation require careful consideration of specific technical aspects to ensure structural stability and system durability. This is a mature technology that has been widely deployed internationally, but it remains underdeveloped in Catalonia. The objective of this study is to compile and analyse existing knowledge on floating photovoltaic technology, assessing its advantages and limitations, associated environmental impacts, and the applicable legal and regulatory framework. Furthermore, the study aims to evaluate its deployment potential on artificial water bodies in Catalonia and to identify the main barriers that currently limit its implementation The methodology is based on a specialised literature review, an analysis of the current regulatory framework in Catalonia, and case studies of projects under implementation, such as the ASG project in Lleida and the irrigation pond solarisation project promoted by the Balearic Government. The results indicate that this technology has high deployment potential in Catalonia, due to the benefits it provides, the availability of suitable locations, a favourable regulatory context, and a high level of sector professionalisation. Nevertheless, monitoring and corrective actions derived from the first local experiences, as well as their dissemination, will be necessary to ensure successful consolidation in Catalonia