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La crisi del segle III, preludi de la fi del món antic
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[cat] L'any 235, quan Alexandre Sever fou occit per Maximí el Traci, es va inaugurar una «crisi» caracteritzada per una anarquia militar i per tot un seguit de crisis derivades i interconnectades entre elles: la politicoinstitucional, la militar, l'econòmica i la religiosa. Tradicionalment, es considera que aquest període es va cloure amb la pujada al tron de Dioclecià, l'any 284. Aquest emperador va instaurar un nou sistema polític, conegut per tetrarquia, que va permetre que quatre emperadors governessin al mateix temps però en plena concòrdia, gràcies al qual es va poder aplicar amb més eficàcia el cúmul de reformes que Dioclecià va posar en marxa per a redreçar l'Imperi. Ara bé, aquestes reformes tingueren un alt cost social i polític: una concepció teocràtica del poder que sacralitzava l'emperador i assimilava la seva funció de govern com una missió divina.
[eng] In 235, when Alexander Severus was assassinated by Maximinus the Thracian, the «crisis» started that is Characterised by military anarchy and a whole number of ensuing, interconnected crises: political-institutional, military, economic and religious. Traditionally, this period has been seen as ending with the start of Diocletian's reign in 284. Diocletian implemented a new political system known as Tetrarchy which allowed four emperors to govern at the same time but in full agreement, thanks to which the load of reforms could be more eff ectively applied which Diocletian implemented to repair the Empire. However, these reforms had a high social and political cost: a theocratic concept of power that made the emperor sacred and turned his role in governance into a divine mission.
[eng] In 235, when Alexander Severus was assassinated by Maximinus the Thracian, the «crisis» started that is Characterised by military anarchy and a whole number of ensuing, interconnected crises: political-institutional, military, economic and religious. Traditionally, this period has been seen as ending with the start of Diocletian's reign in 284. Diocletian implemented a new political system known as Tetrarchy which allowed four emperors to govern at the same time but in full agreement, thanks to which the load of reforms could be more eff ectively applied which Diocletian implemented to repair the Empire. However, these reforms had a high social and political cost: a theocratic concept of power that made the emperor sacred and turned his role in governance into a divine mission.
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BUENACASA PÉREZ, Carles. La crisi del segle III, preludi de la fi del món antic. Butlletí de la Societat Catalana d'Estudis Històrics. 2014. Vol. 24, num. 191-218. ISSN 0213-6791. [consulted: 6 of October of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/63509