A phylogenomic approach to disentangling the evolution of the large and diverse daisy tribe Anthemideae (Asteraceae).

Abstract

<p>The daisy tribe Anthemideae is one of the largest and most diverse tribes within</p><p>Asteraceae. We analysed a dataset including 61 out of 111 Anthemideae genera, and all</p><p>but four of the 19 currently recognized subtribes (Inulantherinae, Lapidophorinae,</p><p>Lonadinae, and Vogtiinae) using a targeted high-throughput sequencing approach, the</p><p>first focused on the tribe. We followed different phylogenomic approaches, using</p><p>nuclear and plastid data, as well as additional analytical methods to estimate divergence</p><p>times and diversification rates, to unravel the evolutionary history and classification of</p><p>this tribe. Our results reinforce the phylogenetic backbone of the Anthemideae advanced</p><p>in previous studies, and further reveal the possible occurrence of ancient hybridization</p><p>events, plastid capture, and/or incomplete lineage sorting, suggesting that complex</p><p>evolutionary processes have played an important role in the evolution of this tribe. The</p><p>results also support the merging of subtribe Physmasperminae into Athanasiinae and</p><p>subtribe Matricariinae into Anthemidinae, and clarify previously unresolved</p><p>relationships. Furthermore, the study provides additional insights into the biogeographic</p><p>patterns within the tribe by identifying three main groups: Southern African Grade,</p><p>Asian Clade, and circum-Mediterranean Clade. These groups partially coincide with</p><p>previously identified ones. Overall, this research provides a more detailed</p><p>understanding of the Anthemideae tribe, and improves its classification. The study also</p><p>emphasises the importance of phylogenomic approaches for deciphering the</p><p>evolutionary dynamics of large and diverse plant lineages.</p>