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Walnut-enriched diet increases the association of LDL from hypercholestero lemic men with human HepG2 cells
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In a randomized, cross-over feeding trial involving 10 men with polygenic hypercholesterolemia, a control, Mediterranean-type cholesterol-lowering diet, and a diet of similar composition in which walnuts replaced approximately 35% of energy from unsaturated fat, were given for 6 weeks each. Compared with the control diet, the walnut diet reduced serum total and LDL cholesterol by 4.2% (P = 0.176), and 6.0% (P = 0.087), respectively. No changes were observed in HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein A-I levels or in the relative proportion of protein, triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters in LDL particles. The apolipoprotein B level declined in parallel with LDL cholesterol (6.0% reduction). Whole LDL, particularly the triglyceride fraction, was enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids from walnuts (linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids). In comparison with LDL obtained during the control diet, LDL obtained during the walnut diet showed a 50% increase in association rates to the LDL receptor in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. LDL uptake by HepG2 cells was correlated with alpha-linolenic acid content of the triglyceride plus cholesteryl ester fractions of LDL particles (r(2) = 0.42, P < 0.05). Changes in the quantity and quality of LDL lipid fatty acids after a walnut-enriched diet facilitate receptor-mediated LDL clearance and may contribute to the cholesterol-lowering effect of walnut consumption.
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MUÑOZ, Sonia, MERLOS ROCA, Manuel, ZAMBÓN, Daniel, RODRÍGUEZ, Carmen, SABATÉ, Joan, ROS RAHOLA, Emilio, LAGUNA EGEA, Juan carlos. Walnut-enriched diet increases the association of LDL from hypercholestero lemic men with human HepG2 cells. _Journal of Lipid Research_. 2001. Vol. 42, núm. 2069-2076. [consulta: 13 de febrer de 2026]. ISSN: 0022-2275. [Disponible a: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/225519]