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Pinning of quantized vortices in helium drops by dopant atoms and molecules
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Using a density functional method, we investigate the properties of liquid 4He droplets doped with atoms (Ne and Xe) and molecules ( SF6 and hydrogen cyanide). We consider the case of droplets having a quantized vortex pinned to the dopant. A liquid-drop formula is proposed that accurately describes the total energy of the complex and allows one to extrapolate the density functional results to large N. For a given impurity, we find that the formation of a dopant+vortex+4HeN complex is energetically favored below a critical size Ncr. Our results support the possibility to observe quantized vortices in helium droplets by means of spectroscopic techniques.
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DALFOVO, Franco, et al. Pinning of quantized vortices in helium drops by dopant atoms and molecules. Physical Review Letters. 2000. Vol. 85, num. 5, pags. 1028-1031. ISSN 0031-9007. [consulted: 7 of June of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/12797