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Tropomyosin controls sarcomere-like contractions for rigidity sensing and suppressing growth on soft matrices
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Cells test the rigidity of the extracellular matrix by applying forces to it through integrin adhesions. Recent measurements show that these forces are applied by local micrometre-scale contractions, but how contraction force is regulated by rigidity is unknown. Here we performed high temporal- and spatial-resolution tracking of contractile forces by plating cells on sub-micrometre elastomeric pillars. We found that actomyosin-based sarcomere-like contractile units (CUs) simultaneously moved opposing pillars in net steps of ∼2.5 nm, independent of rigidity. What correlated with rigidity was the number of steps taken to reach a force level that activated recruitment of α-actinin to the CUs. When we removed actomyosin restriction by depleting tropomyosin 2.1, we observed larger steps and higher forces that resulted in aberrant rigidity sensing and growth of non-transformed cells on soft matrices. Thus, we conclude that tropomyosin 2.1 acts as a suppressor of growth on soft matrices by supporting proper rigidity sensing.
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WOLFENSON, Haguy, MEACCI, Giovanni, LIU, Shuaimin, STACHOWIAK, Matthew r., ISKRATSCH, Thomas, GHASSEMI, Saba, ROCA-CUSACHS SOULERE, Pere, SHAUGHNESSY, Ben o', HONE, James, SHEETZ, Michael p.. Tropomyosin controls sarcomere-like contractions for rigidity sensing and suppressing growth on soft matrices. _Nature Cell Biology_. 2016. Vol. 18, núm. 33-42. [consulta: 24 de gener de 2026]. ISSN: 1465-7392. [Disponible a: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/128079]