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Si us plau utilitzeu sempre aquest identificador per citar o enllaçar aquest document: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/99255
Health effects of non-occupational exposure to oil extraction
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Oil extraction may cause extensive environmental impact that can
affect health of populations living in surrounding areas. Large
populations are potentially exposed to oil extraction related
contamination through residence in areas where oil extraction is
conducted, especially in low and middle income countries
(LMICs). Health effects among people residentially exposed to
upstream oil industry contaminants have been poorly studied.
Health effects of exposure to oil related contamination have
been mainly studied among cleanup workers after oil spills from
tankers or offshore platforms.In this paper we aim to identify
the type and extension of residential exposures related to oil
extraction activities and to comment on the few health studies
available. We estimated that 638 million persons in LMICs
inhabit rural areas close to conventional oil reservoirs. It is
relevant to specifically study people residentially exposed to
upstream oil industry for the following reasons: First, persons
are exposed during long periods of time to oil related
contamination. Second, routes of exposure differ between workers
and people living close to oil fields, who can be exposed by
ingestion of contaminated waters/foods and by dermal contact
with contaminated water and/or land during daily activities
(e.g. bathing, agricultural activities, etc.). Third,
individuals potentially more susceptible to the effect of oil
related contamination and not normally occupationally exposed,
such as infants, children, pregnant women, elderly or people
with previous health conditions, are also exposed.There are few
papers studying the potential health effects of residential
exposure to oil related contamination, and most of them share
important limitations. There is a need for more research through
the conduct of methodologically robust studies in exposed
populations worldwide. Despite the difficulties in the conduct
of studies in remote areas, novel approaches, such as
measurement of individual exposure using biomarkers of exposure
and effect, should be used. These studies should be promoted to
understand the health risks associated to residential exposure
to oil related contamination, support effective control policies
to avoid such contamination and to sustain public health
recommendations and policies to avoid exposure in already
contaminated areas.
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O'CALLAGHAN GORDO, Cristina, ORTA-MARTÍNEZ, Martí, KOGEVINAS, Manolis. Health effects of non-occupational exposure to oil extraction. _Environmental Health_. 2016. Vol. 15, núm. 56. [consulta: 21 de gener de 2026]. ISSN: 1476-069X. [Disponible a: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/99255]