Aproximació a l’estudi de les vulnerabilitats de l’economia espanyola als efectes esperats del canvi climàtic

Abstract

[cat] En la present revisió bibliogràfica analitzem quins son els impactes més importants que s’esperen del canvi climàtic i quines problemàtiques podrien representar per l’economia espanyola, tant en el seu creixement com als sectors que la conformen. Ho durem a terme agafant com a referents dos economistes molt influents i rellevants d’aquesta matèria, Nicholas Stern i Tim Jackson, complementant-los amb altres articles i informes científics realitzats per diverses institucions internacionals. Les respostes donades a les hipòtesis plantejades evidencien la incoherència de continuar amb el sistema econòmic imperant i la inacció que predomina en la majoria de sectors i governs atès que contradiuen el creixement propugnat i amenacen la prosperitat, posant en perill la vida de milers de milions de persones. Destacarem la importància d’actuar de forma immediata per frenar la crisi ambiental global, i en conseqüència també econòmica, prevista per a les pròximes dècades.

[eng] In the present bibliographic review we analyse the most predominant impacts of climate change that are expected and the problems that these could entail for the Spanish economy, both in its growth and in the sectors that make it up. To accomplish this purpose we will base our research on the premises set by Nicholas Stern and Tim Jackson, two economists with great relevance and influence in the field, to respond to the following hypotheses: 1) as time goes on, and the current inactivity continues, the cost of investment to curb the global temperature increase becomes increasingly high due to the effects of the environmental change it causes, and even more so taking into account the biogeographic location of the Iberian Peninsula; 2) the implementation of real change processes in climate change mitigation and adaptation represents a new type of economy that leaves behind the objective of growth and puts people and the environment at the centre. Its resolution, complemented from other articles and scientific reports made by various international institutions such as the IPPC, the NOAA or the WMO, demonstrates the inconsistency of continuing with the prevailing economic system and the inaction that predominates in most sectors and governments since they disable the growth and threaten prosperity, endangering the lives of billions of people. This document highlights the importance of acting immediately to curb the global environmental crisis, and consequently economic crisis, planned for the coming decades.