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Is there an 'ought' in belief?
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[spa] De acuerdo con el denominado punto de vista teleológico de la creencia, la idea de que las creencias tienen como objetivo la verdad se considera que significa literalmente que el sujeto, al creer que p, tiene un cierto objetivo: el objetivo de aceptar p sólo si p es verdadera. Por el contrario, de acuerdo con el denominado punto de vista normativo, la afirmación de que las creencias tienen como objetivo la verdad se considera que es equivalente a la tesis de que existe una norma constitutiva de corrección que gobierna la creencia. El normativista argumenta que el punto de vista teleológico no puede dar cuenta a la vez de dos rasgos estándar de la creencia: por una parte, las creencias están a menudo causalmente influenciadas por consideraciones no aléticas; por otra, nosotros sentimos que es exclusivamente la verdad la que nos guía cuando deliberamos sobre si creer algo. En este artículo muestro, en primer lugar, que el argumento normativista no logra establecer conclusivamente que la creencia está gobernada por una norma constitutiva de corrección. En segundo lugar, y de manera más positiva, ofrezco una respuesta teleológica a cada una de las objeciones normativistas. Con ello, bosquejo una nueva estrategia teleo- lógica que nos permite explicar los rasgos de la creencia antes mencionados.
[eng] According to the so-called teleological view of belief, the idea that beliefs aim at truth is taken to mean literally that the subject, in believing that p, has a certain goal: the goal of accepting p only if p is true. In contrast, according to the so-called normative view, the claim that beliefs aim at truth is considered to be tantamount to the thesis that there is a constitutive norm of correctness governing belief. The normativist argues that the teleological view cannot jointly account for two standard features of belief: beliefs are often causally influenced by non-alethic considerations, yet we always feel we are moved exclusively by truth when deliberating whether to believe. In this paper, I first show that the normativist argument falls short of establishing that belief is norm-governed. Second, and more positively, I offer a teleological reply to each of the normativist objections, thereby outlining a novel teleological strategy that allows us to explain the aforesaid standard features of belief.
[eng] According to the so-called teleological view of belief, the idea that beliefs aim at truth is taken to mean literally that the subject, in believing that p, has a certain goal: the goal of accepting p only if p is true. In contrast, according to the so-called normative view, the claim that beliefs aim at truth is considered to be tantamount to the thesis that there is a constitutive norm of correctness governing belief. The normativist argues that the teleological view cannot jointly account for two standard features of belief: beliefs are often causally influenced by non-alethic considerations, yet we always feel we are moved exclusively by truth when deliberating whether to believe. In this paper, I first show that the normativist argument falls short of establishing that belief is norm-governed. Second, and more positively, I offer a teleological reply to each of the normativist objections, thereby outlining a novel teleological strategy that allows us to explain the aforesaid standard features of belief.
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TORIBIO MATEAS, Josefa. Is there an 'ought' in belief?. Teorema. 2013. Vol. XXXII, num. 3, pags. 75-90. ISSN 0210-1602. [consulted: 16 of August of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/161644