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Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/104313
Elucidation of the biosynthesis of carnosic acid and its reconstitution in yeast
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Rosemary extracts containing the phenolic diterpenes carnosic acid and its derivative carnosol are approved food additives used in an increasingly wide range of products to enhance shelf-life, thanks to their high anti-oxidant activity. We describe here the elucidation of the complete biosynthetic pathway of carnosic acid and its reconstitution in yeast cells. Cytochrome P450 oxygenases (CYP76AH22-24) from Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia fruticosa already characterized as ferruginol synthases are also able to produce 11-hydroxyferruginol. Modelling-based mutagenesis of three amino acids in the related ferruginol synthase (CYP76AH1) from S. miltiorrhiza is sufficient to convert it to a 11-hydroxyferruginol synthase (HFS). The three sequential C20 oxidations for the conversion of 11-hydroxyferruginol to carnosic acid are catalysed by the related CYP76AK6-8. The availability of the genes for the biosynthesis of carnosic acid opens opportunities for the metabolic engineering of phenolic diterpenes, a class of compounds with potent anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour activities.
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SCHELER, Ulschan, et al. Elucidation of the biosynthesis of carnosic acid and its reconstitution in yeast. Nature Communications. 2016. Vol. 7, num. 1-11. ISSN 2041-1723. [consulted: 13 of August of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/104313