Selecció eficient de carteres d'inversió mitjançant el mètode de Markowitz

Abstract

[en] In the first half of the twentieth century, studies and analysis for decisions in the world of finance were purely descriptive. This descriptive approach was referred to as the ”traditional view of finance”. From the second half of the 20th century, it was considered a decisive point for the development and the evolucion of finance. In the 50’s. thanks to great personalities of the time, some quantitative bases were built, which would generate a great expansion of the knowledge of financial institutions and transactios between individuals, companies and governments, among others. The author of the first contribution is Harry Markowitz, with the work entitled Portfolio Selection, which deals with the relationship between risk and return as the main point. Risk was first measured in the world of finance thanks to this theory. In this project we will study the Markowitz’s theory by looking for the optimal portfolios for a high expected return. However, there are difficulties in practice, such as the fact that this theory produces poorly diversified portfolios.