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Políticas europeas y gobernanza metropolitana: una asignatura pendiente
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[spa] La sociedad europea es mayoritariamente urbana. A pesar de ello, las áreas metropolitanas no gozan de reconocimiento político a escala europea y, en la mayoría de los casos, tampoco a escala nacional. En este artículo hacemos un análisis comparado de los modelos de gobernanza metropolitana en Europa a partir de cuatro variables: la fragmentación del territorio, las competencias de naturaleza metropolitana, el tipo de financiación y el tipo de representación. En la mayoría de países europeos no existen gobiernos metropolitanos con competencias exclusivas y autonomía fiscal, aunque las tendencias recientes de reformas en Italia y Francia se enmarcan en un mayor reconocimiento de la realidad metropolitana. La ausencia de gobiernos metropolitanos fuertes contrasta con la evolución del diseño de los fondos europeos, en el que se ha ido incluyendo progresivamente la dimensión urbana de las políticas. A pesar de todo, la gestión de fondos europeos por parte de autoridades metropolitanas sigue siendo minoritaria, lo que plantea un reto para la gobernanza metropolitana.
[eng] European society is mostly urban. However, metropolitan areas do not enjoy political recognition at European level and, in most cases, neither at a national level. In this article we make a comparative analysis of metropolitan governance models in Europe based on four variables: the territorial fragmentation, the powers of a metropolitan nature, the sources of financing and the type of political representation. In most European countries there are no metropolitan governments with exclusive competences and fiscal autonomy, although the recent reforms in Italy, England and France are framed in a greater recognition of the metropolitan reality. The absence of strong metropolitan governments contrasts with the evolution of the design of European funds, in which the urban dimension of policies has gradually been included. Nevertheless, the management of European funds by metropolitan authorities is a minority option, which poses a challenge for metropolitan governance.
[eng] European society is mostly urban. However, metropolitan areas do not enjoy political recognition at European level and, in most cases, neither at a national level. In this article we make a comparative analysis of metropolitan governance models in Europe based on four variables: the territorial fragmentation, the powers of a metropolitan nature, the sources of financing and the type of political representation. In most European countries there are no metropolitan governments with exclusive competences and fiscal autonomy, although the recent reforms in Italy, England and France are framed in a greater recognition of the metropolitan reality. The absence of strong metropolitan governments contrasts with the evolution of the design of European funds, in which the urban dimension of policies has gradually been included. Nevertheless, the management of European funds by metropolitan authorities is a minority option, which poses a challenge for metropolitan governance.
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TOMÀS FORNÉS, Mariona. Políticas europeas y gobernanza metropolitana: una asignatura pendiente. Gestión y Análisis de Políticas Públicas. 2018. Vol. 20, num. noviembre 2018, pags. 53-64. ISSN 1134-6035. [consulted: 14 of August of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/129463