Simulación de problemas de dos cuerpos con finalidades didácticas

Abstract

This paper deals with the problem of two bodies from different points of view: theoretical, practical and educational. A theoretical analysis of the problem becomes first once reduced to a Kepler problem and using the constants of motion: energy and angular momentum. It is obtained, in each case, the form of like Conic orbits with a focus on the center of mass. It continues with the implementation of an application of interactive simulation that allows the visualization of the conics given initial conditions, the calculation of the orbits in the gravitational case and its extension to other forces and graphical interactive visualization of the orbits calculated using different controls to the parameters of the problem and the initial conditions. The work is complemented providing teaching materials that help to the comprenhension of the analysis and the geometry of orbits in the gravitational case, and to investigate the behaviour of the orbits for different types of forces of interaction by means of the analysis of their effective potentials. The whole work has been thought to be useful in a education workshop led to high school students.