Files
Document type
ArticleVersion
Published versionPublication date
Publication license
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/184024
Gender differences under test pressure and their impact on academic performance: A quasi-experimental design
Journal Title
Director/Tutor
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Related resource
Abstract
Student performance at university is a strong determinant of individual decisions and future outcomes, most notably labour opportunities. Although published studies have found gender differences in student performance in response to pressure, little is known about such differences when university students respond to different levels of pressure, resulting from different stakes. Based on field data, this study aims to examine gender differences in student performance in response to different stakes when sitting multiple choice tests, a frequently employed exam format at university. To do so, the introduction of continuous assessment in the evaluation system of a university course allows us to exploit a unique quasi-experimental set up in which the same students take similar tests throughout the course but under different levels of pressure, i.e. facing different stakes. Exploiting individual student data in a panel data framework, we find that male students outperform their female counterparts when under high pressure. However, as the stakes faced decrease, the gender gap shrinks and even reverses in favour of female students at the lowest pressure scenario. We also analyse possible mechanisms responsible for the observed gender gap by studying whether students excel or choke under pressure depending on their gender, and by studying gender differences when omitting questions on multiple choice tests.
Subject (English)
Citation
Citation
MONTOLIO, Daniel and TABERNER LLINÀS, Pere Antoni. Gender differences under test pressure and their impact on academic performance: A quasi-experimental design. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization. 2021. Vol. 191, num. 1065-1090. ISSN 0167-2681. [consulted: 7 of June of 2026]. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/2445/184024