Articles publicats en revistes (Economia)

URI permanent per a aquesta col·leccióhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/16704

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Gender differences in online education
(Springer Nature, 2024-08-05) Erdemli, Candan; Vall Castelló, Judit
Online learning resources have become extremely popular, particularly after the restrictions caused by the Covid-19 outbreak. In this paper, we use data for Spain at the individual level from an online math learning platform which is used by children from over 100 countries, to document the gender differences in the context of online learning. We quantify the gender gaps in effort and relative performance outcomes and analyze whether the gaps differ by the gender of the parent who mainly supervises the children. Our main results point toward significant gender gaps in the relative performance outcomes in favor of boys, while the evidence for the effort gender gaps is only significant when we compare the siblings of the opposite gender (controlling for parent fixed effects). Further, we find that living in municipalities with more egalitarian gender norms is associated with narrower or positive gender gaps in effort outcomes, while we do not find such differences in the relative performance outcomes. Taking into account the increase in the use of online learning tools and their progressive integration into the regular educational system, our results provide important information to minimize gender biases in these new settings.
The Effect of Access to Legal Abortion on Fertility, Marriage and Long-term Outcomes for Women
(Oxford University Press, 2025-07-12) González , Libertad; Jiménez Martín, Sergi; Nollenberger, Natalia; Vall Castelló, Judit
We evaluate the short- and long-term effects for women of access to legal, subsidised abortion. We find evidence that the legalisation of abortion in Spain in 1985 led to an immediate decrease in births, more pronounced for younger women in provinces with a higher supply of abortion services. Affected women were more likely to graduate from high school, less likely to marry young, less likely to divorce in the long term and reported higher life satisfaction as adults. We find at most small reductions in completed fertility, while we do not find meaningful effects on labour market outcomes in the long run.
Social security and retirement around the world: lessons from a long-term collaboration
(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2024-09-19) Mahieu, Ronan; Mastrobuoni, Giovanni; Meghir, Costas; Oishi, Akiko; Oshio, Takashi; Palme, Mårten; Pasini, Giacomo; Pedersen, Peder; Pelé, Louis-Paul; Peracchi, Franco; Bingley, Paul; Perelman, Sergio; Blanchet, Didier; Pestieau, Pierre; Blundel, Richard; Prost, Corinne; Boldrín, Michele; Rabaté, Simon; Bozio, Antoine; Rausch, Johannes; Brugiavini, Agar; Roger, Muriel; Bucher-Koenen, Tabea; Buia, Raluca Elena; Caroli, Eve; Debrand, Thierry; Coile, Courtney; Wise, David; Börsch-Supan, Axel; Gruber, Jonathan; Milligan, Kevin; Woodbury, Richard; Baker, Michael; Banks, James; Behaghel, Luc; Ben Salem, Melika; Schirle, Tammy; Schnabel, Reinhold; Schuth, Morten; Shimizutani, Satoshi; Dellis, Arnaud; Smith, Sarah; Desmet, Raphael; Stijns, Jean-Philippe; de Vos, Klaas; Sturrock, David; Diamond, Peter; Svensson, Ingemar; Emmerson, Carl; Tetlow, Gemma; Ferrari, Irene; Thiel, Lars; Fraikin, Anne-Lore; Fujii, Mayu; García-Gómez, Pilar; Garcia-Mandicó, Sílvia; Tô, Maxime; Tréguier, Julie; Usui, Emiko; Vall Castelló, Judit; Goll, Nicolas; Walraet, Emmanuelle; Gupta, Nabanita Datta; Weber, Guglielmo; Jiménez-Martín, Sergi; Yashiro, Naohiro; Johansson, Per; Johnson, Paul; Jørgensen, Michael; Jousten, Alain; Jürges, Hendrik; Kallestrup-Lamb, Malene; Kalwij, Adriaan; Kapteyn, Arie; Kohnz, Simone; Laun, Lisa; Lefebvre, Mathieu
Declining labor force participation of older men throughout the 20th century and recent increases in participation have generated substantial interest in understanding the effect of public pensions on retirement. The National Bureau of Economic Research's International Social Security (ISS) Project, a long-term collaboration among researchers in a dozen developed countries, has explored this and related questions. The project employs a harmonized approach to conduct within-country analyses that are combined for meaningful cross-country comparisons. The key lesson is that the choices of policy makers affect the incentive to work at older ages and these incentives have important effects on retirement behavior.
Shattered ground, shaken minds: Mental health consequences of earthquakes
(Elsevier, 2025-02-01) Ayu Perdana, Andika Ridha; Vall Castelló, Judit
Despite growing recognition of the importance of mental health status for the achievement of the global development goals, substantial challenges persist in addressing this issue in both developed and developing countries. The literature has pointed to a variety of conditions as triggers for mental health problems, including exposure to unexpected natural disasters. Contributing to the literature, our study quantifies the mental health consequences of the devastating 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake in Indonesia. We combine the Modified Mercalli Intensity from the United States Geological Survey with individual-level data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey to assess the impacts on municipalities with varying earthquake intensities. Employing a difference-in-differences approach, we identify a significant and persistent deterioration in the mental health condition for individuals in municipalities with stronger earthquake severity. To explore the mechanisms underlying this impact, we analyze the roles of family casualties, physical health declines, and socio-economic disruptions, identifying family loss and worsened physical health as particularly influential factors driving the observed mental health outcomes.
Air Pollution and COVID-19 Severity
(Springer Verlag, 2025-06-24) Alsina Pujols, Maria; Vall Castelló, Judit
Air pollution is a major concern that constitutes an important part of the climate change thread. Furthermore, since the outbreak of the pandemic, there is an increased interest in understanding the role of environmental conditions in determining the severity of infectious diseases. We contribute to this debate by quantifying the effect of short-term exposure to air pollution on COVID-19 mortality. We construct a novel county-level dataset of daily COVID-19 mortality and, in order to overcome the potential endogeneity problems caused by factors related to both the virus and mortality rates (such as county-level economic conditions), we use wind speed as an instrument for air pollution. Our results show that being exposed to one additional unit of nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, and nitrogen oxides, increases COVID-19 mortality by a factor of 1.1–1.3. From a policy perspective, our findings provide insights on the design of public health actions to minimize the spread of contagious diseases and to maximize the positive impacts of pollution reduction policies on population health.
Efficient Copyright Filters for Online Hosting Platforms
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-12-01) De Chiara, Alessandro; Manna, Ester; Rubí Puig, Antoni; Segura, Adrian
We build a model where an online hosting platform develops a copyright filter to screen content that contributors wish to upload. The technology is imprecise, since non-infringing material may be incorrectly filtered out. Once the content is hosted on the platform, a right-holder may send a take-down notice if its own monitoring system, also imprecise, finds it to be copyright infringing. The efficient design of regulation and liability calls for (i) giving the right-holder incentives to evaluate fair use when submitting a notice and (ii) lifting the safe-harbor protection granted to platforms that promptly remove content following a take-down notice.
Public procurement as an innovation policy: Where do we stand?
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-05-01) Chiappinelli, Olga; Giuffrida, Leonardo M.; Spagnolo, Giancarlo
Scholars and policymakers have long recognized the potential of public procurement as an industrial policy tool to incentivize innovation. However, it remains unclear to what extent this potential has been realized and what measures should be implemented to maximize performance. This paper surveys the economic literature on public procurement of innovation (PPI) to take stock of this debate. We discuss the existing research on four broad questions: i) Does PPI spur innovation? ii) How should PPI be designed to best spur innovation? iii) What barriers hinder the implementation of PPI? iv) What is the role of PPI in the innovation policy mix? We conclude that PPI can be an effective innovation policy, but that further investigation is needed for a more solid assessment. We highlight the areas where additional research is most needed and discuss policy implications for current global challenges.
Leveraging Global Production Networks for Local Economic Development: Insights from the Fashion Industry in Bilbao's Creative and Cultural Sectors
(Elsevier B.V., 2026-01-24) Pareja Eastaway, Montserrat; Pradel, Marc
This paper examines how fashion firms couple place-based assets with global production networks (GPNs) in Bilbao, Spain. We analyze two contrasting cases—a sustainability-oriented brand and an emergent designers’ network—based on 12 semi-structured interviews (Jan 2021–Jan 2022). Bilbao was purposively selected for its strong cultural/institutional assets and the structural absence of local textile manufacturing, a configuration that sharpens the interplay of strategic coupling, embeddedness (territorial/societal/network) and power. Findings show that certification bodies operate as authority nodes that structure supplier choice, timelines and access to niche markets, anchoring design and branding locally while governing manufacturing extra-locally. We also show how intermediaries such as BIAAF lower search/coordination costs and provide early validation, yet it may concentrate gatekeeping power for emergent designers. Limits to territorial embeddedness constrain local value capture despite strong societal and institutional anchoring. Policy implications are presented through a field finding → mechanism → policy map, translating observed coordination problems, capability gaps and certification-driven governance into place-appropriate instruments. The contribution is mechanism-oriented: we specify how non-firm actors and place conditions shape coupling, embeddedness and power in fashion GPNs within the creative and cultural sectors.
Diseñando una herramienta integral para mejorar la eficiencia de las Políticas de Vivienda Social: El caso Sant Eloi en Barcelona
(Gobierno de España, 2021-10-14) Guida Piqueras, Giovanni Patrocinio; Pareja Eastaway, Montserrat; Simó i Solsona, Montse
Mediante precios subvencionados, los programas de vivienda social representan una alternativa asequible frente al mercado inmobiliario, promoviendo el derecho a disponer de una vivienda digna y adecuada. Pero, tener un techo es solamente el primer paso en la construcción de un hogar. A partir del programa de inserción en vivienda Sant Eloi, que gestiona desde 2015 la Fundació Hàbitat3, este artículo presenta el diseño, incluyendo su testeo inicial (2019) y primeros resultados, de un sistema de indicadores para profundizar en el entendimiento de las situaciones y problemáticas de los usuarios de la vivienda social. El objetivo es proporcionar un instrumento integral que permita definir tipologías operativas entre dichos usuarios a partir de sus situaciones compartidas, para poder intervenir sobre las mismas de una manera más global y eficiente.
The autonomous adaptation of US homes to changing temperatures
(Oxford University Press, 2025-11) Cohen, François; Glachant, Matthieu; Soderberg, Magnus
Little is known about how households adapt to climate change. Previous research has focused on geographical differences in fuel choice and air conditioning. Using a twenty-eight-year panel of homes, we conducted the first longitudinal analysis of eight categories of adaptations and their impact on electricity, gas, and water expenditures. Exposure to cold or warm days correlates with increased spending on doors, windows, equipment, insulation, energy, and water. Our findings suggest cooling costs will rise, offset by lower heating costs. We predict a significant increase in electricity and water use during summer, leading to seasonal utility adjustments.
Home broadband and human capital formation
(Elsevier, 2025-10-01) Sanchis-Guarner, Rosa; Montalbán Castilla, José; Weinhardt, Felix
Using administrative data from England, we estimate the effect of home broadband speed on student-level value-added test scores. Our primary estimation leverages jumps in connection quality between close neighbors across thousands of invisible telephone exchange station catchment area boundaries. We find that home broadband speed has positive effects on general measures of human capital, with these effects concentrated among high-ability students and those not eligible for free school meals. These positive outcomes result from more education-oriented internet use. However, these effects are observed only for students who attend schools with faster broadband connections. Our study documents a complementarity between home and school technology in relation to general measures of human capital. Policies introducing new learning technologies should take this complementarity into account.
Clinical Burden of Hepatitis Delta Virus in Spain: Incidence, Prevalence, and Associated Comorbidities
(Elsevier, 2025-10-01) Buti, Maria; Kachru, Nandita; Rock, Marvin; Ascanio, Meritxell; Darbà, Josep; Kim, Chong
HDV leads to the most severe form of viral hepatitis. It has been estimated to affect 5–13% of people who have chronic HBV worldwide. Evidence of HDV incidence, prevalence, and disease burden in Spain is limited. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical burden of HDV in Spain by assessing the incidence, prevalence, and baseline demographics and comorbidities of patients with HDV infection compared with those with HBV monoinfection.
Energy poverty and health: does the social energy tariff help?
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-11-01) Jové Llopis, Elisenda; Trapero-Bertran, Marta; Trujillo-Baute, Elisa
This study examines the impact on health outcomes of the social energy tariff, a policy tool in Spain designed to alleviate energy poverty. Energy poverty—being unable to afford adequate heating, cooling, or other energy needs— is linked to poor physical and mental health. Using a recursive bivariate probit model, we analyze data from the 2022 Spanish Living Conditions Survey, focusing on the health implications of energy poverty, measured through inadequate home temperature and delayed bill payments. The results show that, while the social energy tariff moderately reduces energy poverty —with only a 1 %–2 % decrease, its impact on improving health outcomes remains limited. The average treatment effect on the treated suggests that individuals experiencing energy poverty are significantly more likely to report poor physical and mental health, with a 7 %–23 % decrease in the likelihood of reporting good health. Our findings indicate that, although the social energy tariff provides some financial relief, structural solutions such as energy efficiency improvements and increased access to renewable energy are needed to address the broader health impacts of energy poverty. The study offers policy recommendations to enhance both energy access and public health, emphasizing the importance of integrating health considerations into energy poverty interventions.
The Impact of Fare Reductions on Public Transportation Use
(Elsevier, 2025-09-26) Cervini-Pla, Maria; Tomàs Fornés, Mariona; Vázquez Grenno, Javier
This paper empirically examines how consumers respond to reductions in public transportation fares by analyzing changes in their use of public transport. We exploit a policy that lowered fares across several municipalities in the metropolitan area of Barcelona. Our findings indicate a 39 percent increase in public transportation use during the year following the policy’s implementation. To assess whether the visibility of the policy shaped this response, we also examine the effects of the subsequent announcement of its financing scheme, nearly a year later. The announcement clarified that the fare reduction would be funded through a tax on homeowners. Once taxpayers became fully aware of both the fare reduction and its financing mechanism, their use of public transportation increased further, supporting the hypothesis that the visibility of public policies can shape individuals’ behavior regarding their use of public services. Finally, we estimate partial welfare effects, identifying both winners and losers.
Working from Home in European Countries Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
(Springer Nature, 2025-03-01) Jerbashian, Vahagn; Vilalta-Bufí, Montserrat
We use data from the representative EU Labour Force Survey for 28 countries and document the levels of working from home in 2011–2022. This period is relevant as it includes the years of the COVID-19 pandemic. We show significant differences in working from home across countries, industries, and occupations. Working from home has increased in several sample countries and almost all industries and occupations in the 2011–2019 period and more significantly in the years affected by the pandemic. Although there is a general decline in working from home in 2022, the prevalence of working from home remains generally well above the pre-pandemic levels. We show that the rise in working from home is associated with lower employment losses during the pandemic years. We also compute a measure of working from home capacity for the sample countries using the observed working from home levels.
Corporate environmental R&D: does organisational innovation matter?
(Taylor & Francis, 2025-06-01) Río González, Pablo del; Garcia-Quevedo, Jose; Martínez-Ros, Ester
Investments in environmental research and development (R&D) are a crucial element for firms to make superior environmental performance compatible with financial performance. This relevance of environmental R&D suggests a need to identify its drivers. However, the literature on environmental R&D has given a prominent focus to external drivers to the firm, with a limited focus on factors internal to the firm. In contrast, the impact of crucial organisational changes in firms, in the form of organisational innovation, has not been addressed. We argue that organisational innovation drives environmental R&D expenditures. Using data on manufacturing firms from the Spanish Technological Innovation Panel survey during 2008–2016, we find support for this idea. Further analysis suggests that it is particularly the introduction of new methods of organising workplaces that is positively associated with environmental R&D. This suggests that a regulatory environment that facilitates workplace flexibility may promote environmental R&D investments.
Pharmaceutical Innovation Collaboration, Evaluation, and Matching
(Elsevier B.V., 2024-12-01) Liu, Qianshuo
This paper theoretically studies pharmaceutical innovation collaborations, where heterogeneous firms compete for heterogeneous academics. At an interim stage, the firm evaluates the project, which allows it to monitor academics and decide whether to terminate the project to avoid the loss from a future failure. This paper explores the contract, project termination strategy, and collaboration matching. The firm’s innovation strategy (exploitations or explorations) determines the evaluation structure, which may affect the market equilibrium. (...)
Consumer and business confidence connectedness in the euro area : A tale of two crises
(2025-08) Fernández Pérez, Adrian; Gómez-Puig, Marta; Sosvilla Rivero, Simón
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the propagation of consumer and business confidence in the euro area with a particular focus on the global financial crisis (GFC), the European sovereign debt crisis (ESDC) and theCOVID-19-induced GreatLockdown. Design/methodology/approach: The authors apply Diebold and Yilmaz’s connectedness framework and the improved method based on the time-varying parameter vectorautoregressive model. Findings: The authors find that although the evolution of business confidence marked the GFC and the ESDC the role of consumer confidence (mainly in those countries with stricter containment and closure measures) increased in the COVID-19-induced crisis. Originality/value: The findings are related to the different origins of the examined crisis periods, and the analysis of their interrelationship is a very relevant topic for future research.
Understanding the Effects of Granting Work Permits to Undocumented Immigrants
(The University of Chicago Press, 2025-07-01) Elias, Ferran; Monràs, Joan; Vázquez Grenno, Javier
This paper studies the legalization of 600,000 non-EU immigrants by the unexpectedly elected Spanish government following the terrorist attacks of 2004. By comparing non-EU to EU immigrants we first estimate that the policy did not lead to magnet effects. We then show that the policy change increased labor market opportunities for immigrants by allowing them to enter sectors of the economy with fewer informal employment. We rely on cross-province comparisons to document that payroll-tax revenues increased by around 4,000 euros per legalized immigrant, and the heterogeneous effect of the policy on various groups of workers. We provide a theoretical framework based on monopsonistic competition to guide our empirical work and interpret our findings.
Government, Taxation and Economic Complexity
(Taylor & Francis, 2025-07-01) Barros, Fernando, Jr.; Brotherhood, Luiz; Gomes, Fábio A. R.; Rangel, Victor
This paper investigates the relationship between tax complexity, economic complexity, and government size. The findings are obtained through cross-country panel data and two-way fixed effects regressions, and reveal a nuanced connection: under small (large) government scales, increased tax complexity is associated with greater (smaller) economic sophistication. This suggests that tax complexity’s positive and negative aspects vary depending on the government conditions provided to the economy.

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