Estrella-corazón, estrella-cortador: Una interpretación nueva del concepto de estrella-bābanī

Abstract

[spa] Algunos textos astrológicos medievales escritos en lengua árabe aluden a las "estrellascorazones" en referencia a tres estrellas de gran luminosidad pertenecientes a constelaciones del círculo del zodíaco: Qalb al-Ṯawr (El Corazón de Tauro, situada en el ojo de la fi gura del toro), Qalb al-Asad (El Corazón de Leo, en el pecho del león) y Qalb al-'Aqrab (El Corazón de Escorpio, en el tórax del escorpión); en la constelación boreal de Andrómeda, hay una cuarta estrella-corazón, Qalb al-Ḥūt (El Corazón del Pez) que, sin embargo, no tuvo una signifi cación astrológica tan importante. Este artículo ilustra las características astrológicas de una estrella-corazón, su asociación con el concepto astrológico «cortador» que las convertía en especialmente dañinas en los horóscopos, así como su relación con bābanī, un término de origen persa. [eng] Medieval astrologers writing in Arabic used the term «heart-stars» to refer to three unusually bright stars that appear in the zodiac circle. They are Qalb al-Thawr (the Heart of Taurus, which appears as the eye of the bull), Qalb al-Asad (the Heart of Leo, which is in the lion's chest) and Qalb al-'Aqrab (the Heart of Scorpio, which appears in the thorax of the scorpion). In the northern constellation of Andromeda there is a bright star called Qalb al-Ḥūt (the Heart of the Fish) but its astrological significance was not so great. This paper illustrates how these astrologers attributed an evil influence to the three heart-stars on the zodiac circle. According to them, the heart-stars had an affinity with the planet Mars, which was known to have maleficent powers. Due to this connection, the heart-stars could block the motion of any heavenly body on its way around the circle of the zodiac. This meant that the heart-stars had a harmful effect on human affairs. In a prediction on the length of a human life, they were used to determine the date of death. In some astrological texts, the heart-stars were distinguished with a Persian adjective: the biyabāniyya stars.