Impact of Breastfeeding Peer Counselor Interventions on Breastfeeding Success, Maternal Self-Efficacy and Satisfaction: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Purpose: This scoping review explores the impact of face-to-face Breastfeeding Peer Counselor (BFPC) interventions on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) prevalence at six months, maternal self-efficacy, and satisfaction. Background: BFPCs are recognized as key figures in increasing EBF rates and improving health outcomes, especially within at-risk and underserved communities. Methods: A scoping review was conducted on literature published between January 2019 and March 2024, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). 493 records were identified, of which 282 were selected based on title and abstract. Two reviewers critically appraise 85 full-text articles using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality assessment tools. Discrepancies were resolved with two additional reviewers. Finally, 20 high-quality studies were included in the review. Results: Prenatal home visits and group support have been associated with an increase of EBF initiation rates. Postnatal home interventions with at least a two-month follow-up significantly improved EBF prevalence at six months. Discussion and Conclusions: BFPCs’ cultural proximity to mothers builds trust and facilitates breastfeeding knowledge acquisition and problem-solving. Home visits provide closeness and emotional support, while community groups offer a trusted environment for mothers to share their concerns and challenges. Implications for Research: The social learning facilitated by BFPCs underscores the importance of their integration into healthcare systems. However, global standardization of BFPC training and practice is essential for their worldwide expansion. Future studies should employ validated tools to assess maternal self-efficacy and satisfaction. Additionally, research should explore the impact of BFPCs in developed countries.