Articles publicats en revistes (Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut mental i Maternoinfantil)
URI permanent per a aquesta col·leccióhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/20867
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ArticlePositive mental health interventions for people with schizophrenia: A scoping review(Elsevier B.V., 2025-02-01) Nogueira, Catarina; Dias Pereira, Emanuel; Ferreira Coelho, Joana Catarina; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; Sequeira, CarlosBackground: Promoting positive mental health is crucial for maintaining a healthy balance of mental well-being, both for individuals with and without mental health conditions, including schizophrenia. Objective: To map interventions that promote positive mental health in individuals with schizophrenia. Methods: We conducted a scoping review following Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations. Searches were performed on Scopus, MEDLINE and CINAHL Complete (via EBSCOhost), and RCAAP for grey literature. Papers that met the following criteria were included: published from September 1999 to May 2023; involving only individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia; focused on interventions that promote positive mental health; presenting interventions with defined objectives and duration; designed for individuals or groups. Results: We identified 1111 potentially relevant records, which were screened by 2 independent researchers. 26 studies, published between 2004 and 2023 were found eligible. Most of the identified interventions were implemented in community-based settings (n = 22), in group formats (n = 20), with a total duration between 4 and 12 weeks (n = 20), session duration about 45-60 min (n = 13) and without follow up (n = 17). A significant number of interventions focused on improving interpersonal relationship capacity (n = 15) and personal satisfaction (n = 13). 9 interventions focused on enhancing autonomy, 3 on promoting self-control, 2 on problem-solving/self-actualization and 1 on promoting pro-social attitude. Conclusions: This scoping review can contribute to improving the quality of care provided and optimizing health outcomes, enhancing the promotion of community health through increased knowledge in the field of positive mental health.- ArticleThe impact of nursing-led emotional preparation on mental health after total hip arthroplasty(Frontiers Media, 2025-11-05) Ripoll-Romero, Elisabet; Agüera, Zaida; Puig Llobet, Montserrat; Galimany Masclans, JordiBackground: Postoperative anxiety and depression are common following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and can negatively affect recovery. While pharmacological management is standard, non-pharmacological interventions may offer additional benefits without adverse side effects. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of a nurse-led video-based intervention on anxiety and depression symptoms and perceived quality of life in patients undergoing THA, compared to standard care. Methods: A quasi-randomized controlled trial was conducted with 131 participants undergoing elective THA, randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; n = 67) receiving a preoperative nursing intervention focused on emotional preparation and information, and a control group (CG; n = 64) receiving usual care. Psychopathological symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and quality of life was measured using the EQ-5D-5L. Assessments occurred at baseline (pre-surgery), post-intervention (hospital discharge), and one-month follow-up. General Linear Model (GLM) analyses were used for within- and between-group comparisons. Results: No significant differences in anxiety or depression symptoms were found between baseline and hospital discharge in either group. Both groups showed significant improvement in HADS scores and all EQ-5D-5L dimensions at one-month follow-up. Although the IG initially appeared to show greater improvement in depression symptomatology and in the 'usual activities' dimension compared to the CG, these differences were no longer statistically significant after adjusting for baseline depression. No other significant between-group differences were observed. Conclusion: The nurse-led video-based intervention did not produce immediate emotional benefits but was associated with improved functional recovery at 1 month; however, it has not been shown to be more effective than usual care. These findings suggest that targeted nursing interventions may support postoperative recovery, particularly in functional outcomes, while emotional effects remain inconclusive and warrant further investigation. Importantly, the video format offers a more sustainable and cost-effective approach compared to printed materials, reducing the need for physical handouts while maintaining structured patient education.
- ArticleExamining the relationships between eco-anxiety, sociodemographic factors, experience of climate events, pro-environmental behaviours, and life satisfaction in young adults(BioMed Central, 2025-09-01) Roldán Merino, Juan Francisco; Sampaio, Francisco; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; Malleville, María Eugenia; Botero, Camila; Arredondo, Arantxa Y.; Rodríguez Quiroga, Andrea; Costa, Tiago Filipe Oliveira; Teixeira-Santos, Luisa; Guedes de Pinho, Lara; Sequeira, Carlos; Luís, SílviaBackground: Climate change and environmental degradation pose significant threats to ecosystems and human well-being, leading to increased eco-anxiety, especially among young adults. Eco-anxiety, characterized by worry and fear about environmental issues, can affect mental health and behaviours. This study aims to explore the relationships between eco-anxiety, sociodemographic factors, experiences of climate events, pro-environmental behaviours, and life satisfaction in young adults. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed to examine the relationships between the variables mentioned above among young adults. The sample included university students from health science centres in Spain. Surveys were used to gather data on participants' eco-anxiety levels, sociodemographics, experiences with climate events, pro-environmental behaviours, and life satisfaction. Results: The study revealed eco-anxiety differences among genders, with female participants experiencing greater personal impact anxiety. However, no differences were found among education or area of upbringing and residence, except that growing up/living in rural areas was associated with more behavioural symptoms of eco-anxiety. Direct and indirect experiences with climate events significantly influenced eco-anxiety levels, with direct experiences having a stronger effect. Linear regression models showed that different eco-anxiety dimensions had distinct relationships with pro-environmental behaviours and life satisfaction, with personal impact anxiety increasing pro-environmental behaviours and reduced affective/behavioural symptoms enhancing life satisfaction. Increased personal impact anxiety predicted higher levels of pro-environmental behaviours, whereas decreased affective and behavioural symptoms of eco-anxiety predicted higher life satisfaction. Conclusions: The findings suggest that eco-anxiety is a complex and multidimensional construct influenced by several factors, including direct and indirect psychosocial experiences related to climate events and information-seeking behaviours. Eco-anxiety is differently associated with pro-environmental behaviours and mental health variables, such as life satisfaction. Addressing eco-anxiety requires a multifaceted approach that considers its different dimensions and individual differences over time. Future research should explore these relationships longitudinally and include more diverse samples to enhance the generalizability of the findings.
- ArticleMental health during ecological crisis: translating and validating the Hogg Ecoanxiety Scale for Argentinian and Spanish populations(BioMed Central, 2024-04-24) Hogg, Teaghan L.; Teixeira-Santos, Luisa; Guedes de Pinho, Lara; Sequeira, Carlos; Sampaio, Francisco; Rodríguez Quiroga, Andrea; Peña Loray, Juan Segundo; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; Roldán Merino, Juan Francisco; Botero, Camila; Bongiardino, Laura; Aufenacker, Saskia Ivana; Stanley, Samantha K.; Costa, Tiago Filipe Oliveira; Luís, Sílvia; O’Brien, Lean V.Background: Eco-anxiety is increasingly recognized as a shared experience by many people internationally, encompassing fear of environmental catastrophe and anxiety about ecological crises. Despite its importance in the context of the changing climate, measures for this construct are still being developed in languages other than English. Methods: To contribute to global eco-anxiety research, we translated the Hogg Eco-Anxiety Scale (HEAS) into Spanish, creating the HEAS-SP. We validated this measure in samples from both Argentina (n = 990) and Spain (n = 548), performing measurement invariance and confirmatory factor analyses. Internal consistency of the scale and score stability over time were investigated through reliability analyses. Differences in eco-anxiety across sociodemographic variables were explored through Student's t-tests and Pearson's r tests. Results: The four-factor model of the HEAS-SP comprising affective and behavioural symptoms, rumination, and anxiety about personal impact demonstrated excellent model fit. We found good internal consistency for each subscale, and established measurement invariance between Spanish and Argentine samples, as well as across genders and participants' age. Spanish participants reported higher scores on the affective symptoms and personal impact anxiety factors compared to the Argentinian sample. Also, men reported lower levels than women on the subscales of affective symptoms, rumination, and personal impact anxiety. It was found that the relationship between both age and personal impact anxiety and age and affective symptoms varies significantly depending on the gender of the individuals. Younger participants tended to report higher scores on most dimensions of eco-anxiety. Conclusions: These findings enhance the global initiative to investigate, explore and therefore comprehend eco-anxiety by introducing the first valid and reliable Spanish-language version of this psychometric instrument for its use within Spanish and Argentinian populations. This study augments the body of evidence supporting the robust psychometric properties of the HEAS, as demonstrated in prior validations for Australian, Turkish, Portuguese, German, French, and Italian populations.
- ArticleExamining the association between perceived quality of care and experienced coercion among patients in acute mental health units in Spain: A national cross‐sectional study(John Wiley & Sons, 2025-07-11) El Abidi El Ghazouani, Khadija; Sanchez-Balcells, Sara; Roldán Merino, Juan Francisco; Ventosa Ruiz, Ana; Cañabate-Ros, Montse; Garcia-Sanchez, Juan A.; Muñoz-Rouco, Estibaliz; Pérez-Moreno, Juan J.; Pita-De-La-Vega, Javier; Rubia-Ruiz, Gemma; Santos-Pariente, Carolina; Rodríguez López, Ana Maria; Jardón Golmar, Laura; Esquinas López, Cristina; Gomez Perez, Juan; Pastor-Bernabeu, Marcelino Vicente; Coelho, Joana; Misouridou, Evdokia; Lluch Canut, Ma. Teresa; Puig Llobet, Montserrat; Moreno Poyato, Antonio RafaelAim: To examine the association between perceived quality of care and the level of coercion experienced by individuals hospitalised in acute mental health units. Design: National cross-sectional study. Methods: Data were collected from 255 patients admitted to 12 acute mental health units across Spain. Standardised instruments assessed perceived quality of care and levels of coercion, humiliation and fear at discharge. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to explore associations between care quality dimensions and patients' experiences. Results: Perceived quality of care was significantly associated with lower levels of perceived coercion and humiliation. All dimensions of care quality showed inverse associations, with the "secluded" dimension showing the strongest association. The association between care quality and perceived fear was less consistent. These findings are particularly relevant for mental health nurses, who play a central role in delivering relational care and ensuring patients' emotional safety. Conclusion: Higher perceived quality of care is associated with lower levels of coercion, humiliation, and fear during hospitalisation in acute mental health settings. Implications for the profession and/or patient care: For mental health nursing, these results underscore the critical role of nurses in creating therapeutic environments that reduce coercive experiences. By fostering trust, promoting patient autonomy, and ensuring emotional and physical safety, nurses can significantly influence the quality of care and patient outcomes. Impact: The study addresses the lack of evidence on how perceived quality of care influences experiences of coercion in acute mental health settings. Better perceived care quality is linked to reduced feelings of coercion, humiliation and fear. The research has direct implications for mental health nurses, clinical educators and healthcare managers aiming to improve patient experiences and reduce coercive practices in psychiatric care.
- ArticleValidating a positive mental health measure with portuguese adolescents and exploring associations with mental health perceived competencies(BioMed Central, 2025-10-21) Costa, Tiago Filipe Oliveira; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; Soares Costa, Patrício; Sequeira, Carlos; Lluch Canut, Ma. Teresa; Correia Sampaio, Francisco MiguelBackground: Positive mental health involves hedonic well-being (pleasure) and eudaimonic well-being (positive functioning). This construct can be assessed using the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire. Aims: This study sought to validate the short version of the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire for Portuguese adolescents, to assess positive mental health, perceived mental health competencies and sociodemographic factors, and to examine the correlations among these variables. Methods: An online survey with 514 secondary school students included sociodemographic questions, the Positive Mental Health Questionnaire and the Self-Assessment Scale of Basic Mental Health Action Competencies. Psychometric evaluations, descriptive analyses and linear regressions were conducted. Results: The Positive Mental Health Questionnaire demonstrated good item sensitivity, robust fit indices of the data collected concerning the previously recognised factorial structure, good internal consistency in factors, appropriate indicators of divergent and convergent validity, and test-retest reliability. Intermediate levels of positive mental health and good levels of perceived competence in mental health were found in adolescents. Older age and greater perceived knowledge about mental health, combined with less prior training in the area, contributed to higher eudaimonic well-being. Hedonic well-being was higher among those with a greater perception of self-care in mental health and less prior experience with mental health problems. Positive mental health was not significantly influenced by previous contact with individuals experiencing mental health problems or by the perception of mental health first aid. Conclusions: The Positive Mental Health Questionnaire proved to be a tool with good psychometric properties, adequately assessing adolescents' needs and the outcomes of mental health promotion initiatives. This work has also highlighted an opportunity to optimise adolescents' positive mental health, specifically in self-control, autonomy, and interpersonal relationship skills. Adolescents should be encouraged to care for their mental health and be informed that interacting with people with mental health problems does not present a significant risk to them. Through mental health training, adolescents' functioning can be enhanced over time, relying on the recognition of acquired skills. Findings can inform school-based and community strategies to promote adolescent mental health.
- ArticlePerceptions of neuromuscular electrostimulation of patients with Parkinson's disease and their caregivers: the impact on swallowing and speech from a qualitative perspective(SpringerNature, 2025-10-17) De Almeida Simao, Mariana; Poveda-Moral, Silvia; Ramírez Daniel, Elizabeth; Domínguez Ganora, Aracely; Vergara Vargas, Militza; Kulisevsky, JaimePurpose: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that manifests itself through motor and non-motor symptoms, which significantly influence quality of life. We aimed to explore the experiences of patients with PD and their caregivers before, during and after receiving treatment with neuromuscular electrostimulation (NMES), and to analyse how they perceive the changes experienced, especially in relation to swallowing and speech. Methodology: A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted through 11 focus groups (FGs): 7 with patients and 4 with caregivers, held separately. Group sizes ranged from two to six participants. The decision to include small groups, including those with only two participants, was made to achieve theoretical saturation of the data. A manual inductive thematic analysis of discourse was performed, coding responses into emergent categories. Results: The study sample consisted of 38 participants: 24 patients and 14 caregivers. The results fell into two broad categories: patient experience and carer experience. In terms of patients’ experiences, the majority reported significant improvements in swallowing, salivation and, to a lesser extent, speech. Regarding caregivers, the improvements observed in patients were perceived as a relief in their daily caregiving responsibilities, facilitating meal preparation, enhancing communication, and providing greater reassurance in supporting the treatment process. Conclusion: This qualitative study provides valuable insights into NMES treatment in PD, showing improvements in areas such as swallowing, speech and saliva. By including the experiences of patients and carers, we identify critical aspects that impact on daily life that cannot be fully explored by other methods. The findings highlight the importance of a more holistic and individualised approach to treatment. It is suggested that future qualitative research should continue to explore these experiences with a view to improving rehabilitation strategies and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for people with PD.
- ArticleFactors associated with self-care in people with advanced chronic kidney disease and their experience of care in Catalonia: an application of Leventhal’s self-regulatory model(BioMed Central, 2025-08-04) Pintado Outumuro, Elena; Salvador González, Betlem; Morín Fraile, Victoria; Benito-Aracil, Llúcia; Cunillera Puértolas, Oriol; Buades-Sabater, Teresa Marblava; Salillas-Adot, Esther; Sánchez-Cabrera, Rosa M.; López-Gonzalo, Esther; Lumillo Gutiérrez, IrisBackground: Although evidence has demonstrated the influence of perceptions of chronic kidney disease on health outcomes in patients, there are still gaps in our knowledge regarding how such perceptions manifest themselves in specific populations with advanced chronic kidney disease (ACKD). This study aims to investigate the cognitive and emotional processes of people with ACKD in relation to their illness, as well as to examine their coping strategies and experiences of care in the context of outpatient care in the southern metropolitan area of Barcelona (Spain). Methods: This is a qualitative study in which the lived experiences and perceptions of ACKD are explored based on the postulates of the Self-Regulation Model (SRM). Eleven people with ACKD were selected from primary care centres and outpatient nephrology clinics at the referral hospital. A thematic analysis of the data was carried out, identifying dominant themes related to the mental structures and coping strategies for ACKD in accordance with the concepts described in the SRM. Findings: The SRM facilitated the exploration and understanding of psychosocial factors related to ACKD, as reported by patients, as well as the diverse coping strategies they adopted. Health information about ACKD, exacerbations, and/or disease progression can trigger cognitive representations such as the perception of weakness, complex therapeutic regimens, lifestyle modifications, and loss of autonomy, along with emotional representations such as sadness and fear. These mental constructs can act as mediators that influence coping responses, facilitating adaptive strategies but also potentially acting as barriers to effective self-care in ACKD. Coping efforts were primarily directed at preventing clinical decompensation and slowing disease progression. All aspects of this process were situated within a healthcare institutional context characterized by limited access to health information, poor coordination between healthcare professionals, and fragmented continuity of care. Conclusion and implications for practice: The Leventhal's self-regulatory model facilitated the understanding of the psychosocial factors associated with ACKD, as reported by patients, as well as the various coping strategies they employed. Findings highlight how individuals manage ACKD based on cognitive and emotional structures, supporting future SRM applications. Educational interventions should strengthen identity, promote coping strategies while addressing barriers, and explore emotional impacts. Additionally, healthcare strategies should enhance professional awareness, improving both health education and care continuity.
- ArticleNurses, midwives and students' reports of effective dedicated education units in five European countries: A qualitative study(John Wiley & Sons, 2024-07-03) Pedregosa Fauste, Sara; Zabalegui Yárnoz, Adelaida; Fabrellas i Padrès, Núria; Risco, Ester; Pereira, Mariana; Dmoch-Gajzlerska, Ewa; Şenuzun, Fisun; Martin, SandraAim: To investigate nursing/midwifery students, Clinical Mentors, Link Teachers and Head Nurses experiences within “Dedicated Education Unit” model in 6 European clinical placements and analyse the necessary elements for a powerful clinical learning environment. Design: A multi-country phenomenological, qualitative study. Methods: Focus group interviews were performed to identify the personal and organizational factors of importance for students and nurses/midwives. Results: Data analysis produced 4 main themes (1) Clinical placement organization, (2) students' clinical knowledge and skill acquisition, (3) students, and nurses/midwives'experiences within the DEU model and (4) factors for creating an effective learning environment. Conclusions: A close educational-service collaboration, a realistic clinical placementplanning, a focus on student learning process and an investment in professionals’ education and development among others, are elements to set up a powerful clinical learning environment. Implications for the profession: It is considered advisable and urgent to improve the working conditions of nurses/midwives and the learning environments of students asa strategy to alleviate the global shortage of nurses and respond to the increasingly demanding health needs of the population. Impact: Due to the close relationship between students’ learning and features of the clinical environment nurse educators seek innovative models which allow students tomanage patient care and their transition to professional practice. To implement new learning strategies, identifying students, nurses and midwives perceptions and suggestions is a powerful information to evaluate implementation process and outcomes. Public Contribution: Our findings could help academic and clinical managers to meet the human and organizational requirements to create a successful learning environment in every student placement.
- ArticleEffectiveness and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion in pregnant women with noncephalic presentation: An overview of systematic reviews(Hindawi, 2019-12-03) Miranda García, Maite; Domingo Gómez, Cristina; Molinet Coll, Cristina; Nishishinya Aquino, Maria Betina; Allaoui, Ikram; Gómez Roig, Ma. Dolores; Goberna Tricas, JosefinaBackground: Breech presentation at the time of delivery is 3.8-4%. Fetuses that maintain a noncephalic presentation beyond 32 weeks will have a lower probability of spontaneous version before labor. Given the increasing interest in exploring the use of complementary medicine during pregnancy and childbirth, the moxibustion technique, a type of traditional Chinese medicine, could be another option to try turning a breech baby into a cephalic presentation. Objectives: To review the evidence from systematic reviews (SR) on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion in pregnant women with noncephalic presentation. Main results: Our SR synthesizes the results from five clinical trials on pregnant women with a singleton noncephalic presentation. There is evidence that moxibustion reduces the number of noncephalic presentations at the time of birth compared with no treatment. The adverse effects that acupuncture and moxibustion can cause seem to be irrelevant. Most SRs agree that there are no adverse effects directly related to acupuncture and moxibustion. Conclusions: Even though the results obtained are positive and the five reviews conclude that moxibustion reduces the number of noncephalic presentations at birth (alone or combined with postural techniques or acupuncture), there is considerable heterogeneity between them. Better methodologically designed studies are required in the future to reaffirm this conclusion.
- ArticlePromoting equitable access to infection prevention for people with different vulnerabilities: a scoping review(BioMed Central, 2025-10-06) Ozdoba, Patrycja; Moreal, Chiara; Dobrowolska, Beata; Szara, Marta; Velikonja, Nevenka Kregar; Šimec, Mateja; Laznik, Gorazd; Krsnik, Sabina; Escofet Roig, Anna; Esparza Pagès, Mireia; Solà Pola, Montserrat; Özsaban, Aysel; Bayram, Aysun; Palese, Alvisa; Chiappinotto, StefaniaBackground: Educational health interventions play a crucial role in the prevention of respiratory infections, particularly among people with vulnerabilities, who bear a disproportionate burden, which can lead to severe complications such as increased morbidity and mortality. Tailored educational approaches, including digital interventions, are essential to engage and empower these groups, promote self-care behaviors, and reduce health inequities. Despite their significance, evidence on educational interventions, particularly those leveraging digital platforms, has yet to be systematically mapped. To identify and analyze existing educational interventions designed to foster self-care behaviors and prevent respiratory infections among people with vulnerabilities in community settings was the intent of this study. Methods: The PRISMA-ScR checklist was followed to conduct this scoping review. Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Scopus, supplemented by grey literature and reference screening. Studies involving educational interventions for people with vulnerabilities in community settings were included, with no publication date restrictions. The review protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework on February 21, 2024. Data extracted were narratively synthesized, focusing on interventions characteristics, different populations included, and outcomes. Results: Twelve studies were included, reporting in-person education, tailored materials, e-health, telehealth, digital and computer-based educational interventions. Older adults, children, individuals with chronic conditions, and groups with socioeconomic vulnerabilities were involved. Interventions have triggered significant improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors. Digital approaches enhanced outreach and engagement but revealed barriers such as technological disparities due to limited digital literacy among people with vulnerabilities. In-person and culturally tailored interventions proved effective in promoting behavior change, particularly when aligned with community needs. Conclusions: Tailored, community-based and hybrid approaches that combine face-to-face and digital components are recommended to close knowledge and behavioral gaps regarding preventive measures against respiratory infections in people with different vulnerabilities. However, there are challenges such as inequality in digital access and variability in intervention outcomes that suggest hybrid models and culturally sensitive approaches. Further research is needed to assess the long-term impact of these strategies on reducing respiratory infections and improving health equity.
- ArticleThe best environment for childbirth in the (post)pandemic: a qualitative study(Universitat de Barcelona, 2025-05-30) Biurrun Garrido, Ainoa; Perelló-Iñiguez, Carme; Rodríguez-Garrido, Pía; Costa Abós, Silvia; Goberna Tricas, JosefinaObjective. This study aims to explore women's experiences with their chosen place of birth in Spain during the pandemic and the immediate (post)pandemic period, as well as the factors influencing their decisions. Material and Method. A qualitative design approach was used, and 14 interviews were conducted with Spanish women who gave birth. Content analysis was employed to extract key themes, resulting in three central categories and six subcategories. Results. Three central categories (accommodating strategies, protective strategies and action-participation strategies) and six analysis subcategories emerged from the two profiles of women interviewed: those who gave birth in a hospital and those who opted for a home birth. Conclusions. The study concludes that it is essential for the chosen place of childbirth to provide women with a sense of safety and peace of mind, whether it occurs in a hospital, home, or birthing centre. Moreover, feeling well-treated by healthcare staff is fundamental for ensuring a positive and dignified childbirth experience.
- ArticleReforma de la ley del aborto, Ley Orgánica 1/2023; Implicaciones para la práctica profesional(Universitat de Barcelona, 2023-05-30) Biurrun Garrido, Ainoa; García-Garro, Victoria; Perelló-Iñiguez, Carme; Colomar Pueyo, GerardObjetivo. Conocer las implicaciones profesionales de la aplicación de la Ley Orgánica 1/2023. Material y método. Analizar, desde una perspectiva ética-jurídica, la reforma de la ley de despenalización del aborto. Resultados y discusión. La Ley Orgánica 1/2023, reforma la ley del aborto en España. Las principales diferencias en relación con la ley anterior son: 1) Consentimiento: Las mujeres mayores de 16 años pueden tomar la decisión de abortar sin necesidad de consentimiento de sus representantes legales. 2) Registro estatal autonómico de objeción de conciencia para profesionales sanitarios/as. 3) Información: Los profesionales sanitarios deben proporcionar información completa y veraz sobre las opciones de aborto, riesgos y consecuencias. La nueva ley elimina el periodo de reflexión de tres días entre la consulta inicial y procedimiento. Conclusiones. La nueva ley del aborto en España amplia el acceso a dichos servicios y mejorar los derechos reproductivos. Desde la perspectiva profesional, sus cambios tienen implicaciones para los sanitarios que atienden a las mujeres. Es importante que estos profesionales estén informados y actualizados sobre la nueva ley y las obligaciones que conlleva. Los servicios de salud deben estar preparados para ofrecer información y apoyo a las mujeres y garantizar los plazos y requisitos establecidos en la ley.
- ArticleDilemas éticos y toma de decisiones en el diagnóstico prenatal de trisomía 21(Universitat de Barcelona, 2021-01-29) Biurrun Garrido, AinoaObjetivo. Reflexionar sobre los aspectos clínicos, éticos y legales en un caso de diagnóstico prenatal de Trisomía 21 mediante detección de ADN fetal en sangre materna. Material y método. Se presenta un análisis ético, según el modelo deliberativo de toma de decisiones de Diego Gracia, de un caso clínico de una gestante de 16,1 semanas de embarazo a la que, mediante la prueba de ADN fetal en sangre materna, y tras confirmación por amniocentesis, se le diagnostica trisomía 21. Resultados (Discusión). Cursos extremos de acción del caso presentado; realización de interrupción legal de embarazo versus seguir con la gestación. Aplicación de reflexiones apelando a los aspectos éticos y a la legislación vigente en el contexto español. Conclusiones. La implementación de pruebas como la determinación de ADN fetal en sangre materna puede hacer que nazcan menos niños con cromosomopatías, pero también aumentar el número de abortos de embriones-fetos que habrían dado lugar a personas vivas y pueden aumentar la percepción de vulnerabilidad de la mujer y su pareja durante la gestación. Para la mujer, la opción de interrupción de la gestación supone una situación de vulnerabilidad tanto física (por el riesgo corporal) como emocional (desequilibrio a nivel psicológico del diagnóstico), mientras que la pareja también se enfrenta a una vulnerabilidad emocional. Los profesionales implicados en el control y seguimiento gestacional han de ser conscientes de los problemas éticos que plantea el diagnóstico prenatal y deben afrontar cómo dar la información, cómo resolver dudas y de qué forma pueden influir sus creencias en la toma de decisiones.
- ArticleMental health literacy: How to obtain and maintain positive mental health(Frontiers Media, 2022-10-12) Sequeira, Carlos; Sampaio, Francisco; Guedes de Pinho, Lara; Araújo, Odete; Lluch Canut, Ma. Teresa; Sousa, LiaThere is a growing consensus within the scientific community about the importance of mental health promotion. Around one billion people worldwide have a mental disorder, and anyone, anywhere, can be affected (World Health Organization, 2022). It is estimated that one in four people has some mental health disorder. It is widely known that the incidence and prevalence of mental disorders are increasing, on the one hand, due to the social pressure exerted by current lifestyles and, on the other hand, because people do not always have emotional regulation mechanisms and resilience that allow them to adaptively deal with adverse life events.
- ArticleSimulated clinical cases to identify and intervene in intimate partner violence among undergraduate nursing students(Elsevier B.V., 2025-08-19) Crespo Mirasol, Esther; Saz Roy, Mª Ángeles; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; González Vaca, Julia; Rodríguez-Martín, Dolors; Maestre, Elena; García Carulla, Elvira; Isidro Albadalejo, Mónica; Melendo Azuela, Eva Maria; Rodríguez Chaves, Maria del Carmen; Vázquez Garreta, Griselda; Ventosa Ruiz, Ana; Viñas Llebot, HelenaBackground: Training in gender-based violence is necessary to develop identification and intervention skills among nursing students. Aim: To determine the impact of an educational intervention on intimate partner violence in terms of perceptions of violence and empathic responses among nursing students at a Spanish university. Methods: Pre-post quasiexperimental study. Fourth-year students at the Faculty of Nursing at University of Barcelona participated in 2022-23. The Perception of Intimate Partner Violence in Nursing Students questionnaire, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and an ad hoc satisfaction survey were used. Results: At baseline, 299 students participated, mean age 23.31 years, 88.6% female. After the training, 184 students. 65.5% reported personal experience of intimate partner violence. Women scored higher on empathic response (empathic concern 28.07). After the training, there were improvements in most of the dimensions assessed. The methodology used received a mean score 8.19. Conclusion: Active learning methods in intimate partner violence training have a positive effect on nursing students' learning in terms of perceiving violence and responding empathically. Significant differences were observed in all dimensions except fantasy and personal discomfort.
- ArticlePerception of mental health professionals on using humour in therapeutic relationships in acute mental health units(John Wiley & Sons, 2025-03-25) Piñar Rodríguez, Sergi; Puig Llobet, Montserrat; Corcoles Martinez, David; Tolosa Merlos, Diana; Leñero-Cirujano, Miriam; Rodríguez-Martín, DolorsThroughout history, the conceptualisation of “humour” has posed a challenge, without achieving a definitive consensus. This study explores the application of humour in mental health, highlighting its potential to strengthen the therapeutic relationship.This research seeks to fill the knowledge gap in this constantly evolving field. To investigate mental health professionals' perceptions of using humour in the therapeutic relationship. A phenomenological interpretative approach was employed, following qualitative guidelines in healthcare. The study was conducted between November and December 2023. The target population consisted of mental health professionals working in acute units. A purposive sample of 10 participants was selected for the study. COREQ was used to organise individual interviews. Data collection included recorded interviews. The study had EthicsCommittee approval and informed consent from participants. Data were analysed with ATLAS.Ti version 24. Ten professionals(5 women and 5 men), aged between 42 and 61 years with 20 to 35 years of experience in mental health, participated in the inter-views. Data analysis yielded five main categories: barriers and benefits of using humour, professionals' humour styles, training in humour, and communication skills in the therapeutic relationship. An integrated understanding of humour in mental health and its impact on the therapeutic relationship is revealed. Barriers and benefits are highlighted, emphasising the need for specific training. The affiliative style is valued for its emotional connection, cautioning against other styles. The lack of training under-lines the need to integrate humour into mental health training. The importance of adaptation and empathy in communicative interventions is emphasised, highlighting the need for greater awareness and training for a more humane and effective therapeutic environment.
- ArticleDevelopment and psychometric properties of the therapeutic relationship assessment scale–patient (TRAS-Patient)(John Wiley & Sons, 2025-02-01) Ferreira Coelho, Joana Catarina; Ferreira Ribeiro, Joana Isabel; Martins Ribeiro, Ana Rita; Gonçalves Trindade, Ana Carolina; da Sequeira, Carlos Alberto; Roldán Merino, Juan Francisco; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; Correia Sampaio, Francisco MiguelThe therapeutic relationship plays a crucial role in nursing care for people with mental illness. Adopting a systemic and person-centred approach that considers the individual experiences and needs of the person is paramount. However, no instruments were found in the literature designed to evaluate the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship from the perspective of a person with mental illness. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of an instrument for assessing the quality of the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship from the patient's perspective. An e-Delphi study was conducted to develop the assessment tool, and a psychometric study was carried out to examine its psychometric properties. The sample comprised 240 adults with mental illness. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and the Omega coefficient. The final structure of the assessment instrument included 24 items distributed across two factors, explaining 64.2% of the variance. Cronbach's alpha was 0.94, and the Omega coefficient was 0.96. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.66–0.92). The therapeutic relationship assessment scale (TRAS-Patient) shows good psychometric properties. This is a relevant tool for assessing the quality of the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship from the patient's perspective, thus promoting a patient-centred approach and responding to the patient's needs. Mental health nurses can access a tool for evaluating the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship centred on disciplinary knowledge. This enables patient involvement in care, enhanced care and person-centred practice.
- ArticleExploring an intervention to enhance positive mental health in people with first-episode psychosis: a qualitative study from the perspective of mental health professionals(MDPI, 2025-07-28) Cruz Sequeira, Carlos Alberto; Rolduà Ros, Júlia; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; Ferreira Coelho, Joana Catarina; Nogueira, Catarina; Teixeira, Sonia; Usall i Rodié, Judith; Lluch Canut, Ma. TeresaBackground/Objectives: This study explores the perspectives of mental health professionals on tailoring the Mentis Plus intervention to enhance positive mental health (PMH) in individuals experiencing First-Episode Psychosis (FEP). Although the Mentis Plus Program has been previously implemented in other contexts, it has not yet been applied to FEP care. Therefore, this study aimed to adapt the intervention for future implementation through expert consultation. Methods: A qualitative exploratory-descriptive design was employed. Data were collected via three focus groups comprising multidisciplinary professionals experienced in FEP care. Qualitative content analysis was used to examine the data. Results: Participants viewed the tailored Mentis Plus intervention as a valuable, recovery-oriented tool. Key recommendations included a flexible, group-based format with eight weekly sessions. Suggested intervention components encompassed gratitude journaling, emotional regulation techniques, and collaborative problem-solving exercises. Group delivery was highlighted as essential for mitigating isolation and promoting peer support. Practical implementation strategies included phased session structures and routine emotional check-ins. Identified barriers to implementation included the need for specialized training, limited therapeutic spaces, and the heterogeneity of participant needs. Facilitators included a person-centered approach, institutional backing, and sufficient resources. Conclusions: The findings support the feasibility and clinical relevance of a tailored Mentis Plus FEP Program-Brief Version. Expert-informed insights provide a foundation for adapting mental health interventions to early-psychosis care and inform future research and implementation strategies.
- ArticleAutophagy and oxidative stress in solid tumors: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities(Elsevier, 2025-08-01) Carretero-Fernández, María; Cabrera-Serrano, Antonio José; Sánchez-Maldonado, José Manuel; Ruiz-Durán, Lucía; Jiménez-Romera, Francisco; García Verdejo, Francisco José; González-Olmedo, Carmen; Cardús, Aina; Díaz-Beltrán, Letícia; Gutiérrez-Bautista, Juan Francisco; Benavente, Yolanda; Gálvez-Montosa, Fernando; López-López, José Antonio; García-Martín, Paloma; Pérez, Eva María; Rodríguez-Sevilla, Juan José; Casabonne, Delphine; Sánchez Rovira, Pedro; Reyes-Zurita, Fernando J.; Sainz, JuanCancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with solid tumors representing most cases. Autophagy and oxidative stress are two interconnected cellular mechanisms that influence tumor initiation, therapeutic response and disease progression. Autophagy plays a context-dependent role, functioning as a tumor suppressor by eliminating damaged organelles in early stages, while later supporting tumor survival under metabolic and therapeutic stress. Similarly, oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS), can drive tumorigenesis by promoting genomic instability and resistance to therapy but can also induce apoptosis in cancer cells. The crosstalk between autophagy and oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in shaping the tumor microenvironment, affecting immune evasion, drug resistance, and metabolic adaptation. Targeting these processes through pharmacological modulation presents both challenges and opportunities in cancer therapy. While autophagy inhibition can enhance chemotherapy efficacy by preventing tumor cell survival mechanisms, excessive oxidative stress induction may lead to cellular damage and systemic toxicity. This review explores the complex interplay between autophagy and oxidative stress in solid tumors, emphasizing their implications for cancer progression and treatment strategies. By understanding these mechanisms, novel therapeutic approaches, including combination therapies and precision medicine strategies, may be developed to improve patient outcomes.