Articles publicats en revistes (Infermeria de Salut Pública, Salut mental i Maternoinfantil)

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Effectiveness and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion in pregnant women with noncephalic presentation: An overview of systematic reviews
(Hindawi, 2019-12-03) Miranda García, Maite; Domingo Gómez, Cristina; Molinet Coll, Cristina; Nishishinya Aquino, Maria Betina; Allaoui, Ikram; Gómez Roig, Ma. Dolores; Goberna Tricas, Josefina
Background: Breech presentation at the time of delivery is 3.8-4%. Fetuses that maintain a noncephalic presentation beyond 32 weeks will have a lower probability of spontaneous version before labor. Given the increasing interest in exploring the use of complementary medicine during pregnancy and childbirth, the moxibustion technique, a type of traditional Chinese medicine, could be another option to try turning a breech baby into a cephalic presentation. Objectives: To review the evidence from systematic reviews (SR) on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion in pregnant women with noncephalic presentation. Main results: Our SR synthesizes the results from five clinical trials on pregnant women with a singleton noncephalic presentation. There is evidence that moxibustion reduces the number of noncephalic presentations at the time of birth compared with no treatment. The adverse effects that acupuncture and moxibustion can cause seem to be irrelevant. Most SRs agree that there are no adverse effects directly related to acupuncture and moxibustion. Conclusions: Even though the results obtained are positive and the five reviews conclude that moxibustion reduces the number of noncephalic presentations at birth (alone or combined with postural techniques or acupuncture), there is considerable heterogeneity between them. Better methodologically designed studies are required in the future to reaffirm this conclusion.
Promoting equitable access to infection prevention for people with different vulnerabilities: a scoping review
(BioMed Central, 2025-10-06) Ozdoba, Patrycja; Moreal, Chiara; Dobrowolska, Beata; Szara, Marta; Velikonja, Nevenka Kregar; Šimec, Mateja; Laznik, Gorazd; Krsnik, Sabina; Escofet Roig, Anna; Esparza Pagès, Mireia; Solà Pola, Montserrat; Özsaban, Aysel; Bayram, Aysun; Palese, Alvisa; Chiappinotto, Stefania
Background: Educational health interventions play a crucial role in the prevention of respiratory infections, particularly among people with vulnerabilities, who bear a disproportionate burden, which can lead to severe complications such as increased morbidity and mortality. Tailored educational approaches, including digital interventions, are essential to engage and empower these groups, promote self-care behaviors, and reduce health inequities. Despite their significance, evidence on educational interventions, particularly those leveraging digital platforms, has yet to be systematically mapped. To identify and analyze existing educational interventions designed to foster self-care behaviors and prevent respiratory infections among people with vulnerabilities in community settings was the intent of this study. Methods: The PRISMA-ScR checklist was followed to conduct this scoping review. Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Scopus, supplemented by grey literature and reference screening. Studies involving educational interventions for people with vulnerabilities in community settings were included, with no publication date restrictions. The review protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework on February 21, 2024. Data extracted were narratively synthesized, focusing on interventions characteristics, different populations included, and outcomes. Results: Twelve studies were included, reporting in-person education, tailored materials, e-health, telehealth, digital and computer-based educational interventions. Older adults, children, individuals with chronic conditions, and groups with socioeconomic vulnerabilities were involved. Interventions have triggered significant improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and preventive behaviors. Digital approaches enhanced outreach and engagement but revealed barriers such as technological disparities due to limited digital literacy among people with vulnerabilities. In-person and culturally tailored interventions proved effective in promoting behavior change, particularly when aligned with community needs. Conclusions: Tailored, community-based and hybrid approaches that combine face-to-face and digital components are recommended to close knowledge and behavioral gaps regarding preventive measures against respiratory infections in people with different vulnerabilities. However, there are challenges such as inequality in digital access and variability in intervention outcomes that suggest hybrid models and culturally sensitive approaches. Further research is needed to assess the long-term impact of these strategies on reducing respiratory infections and improving health equity.
Reforma de la ley del aborto, Ley Orgánica 1/2023; Implicaciones para la práctica profesional
(Universitat de Barcelona, 2023-05-30) Biurrun Garrido, Ainoa; García-Garro, Victoria; Perelló-Iñiguez, Carme; Colomar Pueyo, Gerard
Objetivo. Conocer las implicaciones profesionales de la aplicación de la Ley Orgánica 1/2023. Material y método. Analizar, desde una perspectiva ética-jurídica, la reforma de la ley de despenalización del aborto. Resultados y discusión. La Ley Orgánica 1/2023, reforma la ley del aborto en España. Las principales diferencias en relación con la ley anterior son: 1) Consentimiento: Las mujeres mayores de 16 años pueden tomar la decisión de abortar sin necesidad de consentimiento de sus representantes legales. 2) Registro estatal autonómico de objeción de conciencia para profesionales sanitarios/as. 3) Información: Los profesionales sanitarios deben proporcionar información completa y veraz sobre las opciones de aborto, riesgos y consecuencias. La nueva ley elimina el periodo de reflexión de tres días entre la consulta inicial y procedimiento. Conclusiones. La nueva ley del aborto en España amplia el acceso a dichos servicios y mejorar los derechos reproductivos. Desde la perspectiva profesional, sus cambios tienen implicaciones para los sanitarios que atienden a las mujeres. Es importante que estos profesionales estén informados y actualizados sobre la nueva ley y las obligaciones que conlleva. Los servicios de salud deben estar preparados para ofrecer información y apoyo a las mujeres y garantizar los plazos y requisitos establecidos en la ley.
The best environment for childbirth in the (post)pandemic: a qualitative study
(Universitat de Barcelona, 2025-05-30) Biurrun Garrido, Ainoa; Perelló-Iñiguez, Carme; Rodríguez-Garrido, Pía; Costa Abós, Silvia; Goberna Tricas, Josefina
Objective. This study aims to explore women's experiences with their chosen place of birth in Spain during the pandemic and the immediate (post)pandemic period, as well as the factors influencing their decisions. Material and Method. A qualitative design approach was used, and 14 interviews were conducted with Spanish women who gave birth. Content analysis was employed to extract key themes, resulting in three central categories and six subcategories. Results. Three central categories (accommodating strategies, protective strategies and action-participation strategies) and six analysis subcategories emerged from the two profiles of women interviewed: those who gave birth in a hospital and those who opted for a home birth. Conclusions. The study concludes that it is essential for the chosen place of childbirth to provide women with a sense of safety and peace of mind, whether it occurs in a hospital, home, or birthing centre. Moreover, feeling well-treated by healthcare staff is fundamental for ensuring a positive and dignified childbirth experience.
Dilemas éticos y toma de decisiones en el diagnóstico prenatal de trisomía 21
(Universitat de Barcelona, 2021-01-29) Biurrun Garrido, Ainoa
Objetivo. Reflexionar sobre los aspectos clínicos, éticos y legales en un caso de diagnóstico prenatal de Trisomía 21 mediante detección de ADN fetal en sangre materna. Material y método. Se presenta un análisis ético, según el modelo deliberativo de toma de decisiones de Diego Gracia, de un caso clínico de una gestante de 16,1 semanas de embarazo a la que, mediante la prueba de ADN fetal en sangre materna, y tras confirmación por amniocentesis, se le diagnostica trisomía 21. Resultados (Discusión). Cursos extremos de acción del caso presentado; realización de interrupción legal de embarazo versus seguir con la gestación. Aplicación de reflexiones apelando a los aspectos éticos y a la legislación vigente en el contexto español. Conclusiones. La implementación de pruebas como la determinación de ADN fetal en sangre materna puede hacer que nazcan menos niños con cromosomopatías, pero también aumentar el número de abortos de embriones-fetos que habrían dado lugar a personas vivas y pueden aumentar la percepción de vulnerabilidad de la mujer y su pareja durante la gestación. Para la mujer, la opción de interrupción de la gestación supone una situación de vulnerabilidad tanto física (por el riesgo corporal) como emocional (desequilibrio a nivel psicológico del diagnóstico), mientras que la pareja también se enfrenta a una vulnerabilidad emocional. Los profesionales implicados en el control y seguimiento gestacional han de ser conscientes de los problemas éticos que plantea el diagnóstico prenatal y deben afrontar cómo dar la información, cómo resolver dudas y de qué forma pueden influir sus creencias en la toma de decisiones.
Mental health literacy: How to obtain and maintain positive mental health
(Frontiers Media, 2022-10-12) Sequeira, Carlos; Sampaio, Francisco; Guedes de Pinho, Lara; Araújo, Odete; Lluch Canut, Ma. Teresa; Sousa, Lia
There is a growing consensus within the scientific community about the importance of mental health promotion. Around one billion people worldwide have a mental disorder, and anyone, anywhere, can be affected (World Health Organization, 2022). It is estimated that one in four people has some mental health disorder. It is widely known that the incidence and prevalence of mental disorders are increasing, on the one hand, due to the social pressure exerted by current lifestyles and, on the other hand, because people do not always have emotional regulation mechanisms and resilience that allow them to adaptively deal with adverse life events.
Simulated clinical cases to identify and intervene in intimate partner violence among undergraduate nursing students
(Elsevier B.V., 2025-08-19) Crespo Mirasol, Esther; Saz Roy, Mª Ángeles; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; González Vaca, Julia; Rodríguez-Martín, Dolors; Maestre, Elena; García Carulla, Elvira; Isidro Albadalejo, Mónica; Melendo Azuela, Eva Maria; Rodríguez Chaves, Maria del Carmen; Vázquez Garreta, Griselda; Ventosa Ruiz, Ana; Viñas Llebot, Helena
Background: Training in gender-based violence is necessary to develop identification and intervention skills among nursing students. Aim: To determine the impact of an educational intervention on intimate partner violence in terms of perceptions of violence and empathic responses among nursing students at a Spanish university. Methods: Pre-post quasiexperimental study. Fourth-year students at the Faculty of Nursing at University of Barcelona participated in 2022-23. The Perception of Intimate Partner Violence in Nursing Students questionnaire, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and an ad hoc satisfaction survey were used. Results: At baseline, 299 students participated, mean age 23.31 years, 88.6% female. After the training, 184 students. 65.5% reported personal experience of intimate partner violence. Women scored higher on empathic response (empathic concern 28.07). After the training, there were improvements in most of the dimensions assessed. The methodology used received a mean score 8.19. Conclusion: Active learning methods in intimate partner violence training have a positive effect on nursing students' learning in terms of perceiving violence and responding empathically. Significant differences were observed in all dimensions except fantasy and personal discomfort.
Perception of mental health professionals on using humour in therapeutic relationships in acute mental health units
(John Wiley & Sons, 2025-03-25) Piñar Rodríguez, Sergi; Puig Llobet, Montserrat; Corcoles Martinez, David; Tolosa Merlos, Diana; Leñero-Cirujano, Miriam; Rodríguez-Martín, Dolors
Throughout history, the conceptualisation of “humour” has posed a challenge, without achieving a definitive consensus. This study explores the application of humour in mental health, highlighting its potential to strengthen the therapeutic relationship.This research seeks to fill the knowledge gap in this constantly evolving field. To investigate mental health professionals' perceptions of using humour in the therapeutic relationship. A phenomenological interpretative approach was employed, following qualitative guidelines in healthcare. The study was conducted between November and December 2023. The target population consisted of mental health professionals working in acute units. A purposive sample of 10 participants was selected for the study. COREQ was used to organise individual interviews. Data collection included recorded interviews. The study had EthicsCommittee approval and informed consent from participants. Data were analysed with ATLAS.Ti version 24. Ten professionals(5 women and 5 men), aged between 42 and 61 years with 20 to 35 years of experience in mental health, participated in the inter-views. Data analysis yielded five main categories: barriers and benefits of using humour, professionals' humour styles, training in humour, and communication skills in the therapeutic relationship. An integrated understanding of humour in mental health and its impact on the therapeutic relationship is revealed. Barriers and benefits are highlighted, emphasising the need for specific training. The affiliative style is valued for its emotional connection, cautioning against other styles. The lack of training under-lines the need to integrate humour into mental health training. The importance of adaptation and empathy in communicative interventions is emphasised, highlighting the need for greater awareness and training for a more humane and effective therapeutic environment.
Development and psychometric properties of the therapeutic relationship assessment scale–patient (TRAS-Patient)
(John Wiley & Sons, 2025-02-01) Ferreira Coelho, Joana Catarina; Ferreira Ribeiro, Joana Isabel; Martins Ribeiro, Ana Rita; Gonçalves Trindade, Ana Carolina; da Sequeira, Carlos Alberto; Roldán Merino, Juan Francisco; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; Correia Sampaio, Francisco Miguel
The therapeutic relationship plays a crucial role in nursing care for people with mental illness. Adopting a systemic and person-centred approach that considers the individual experiences and needs of the person is paramount. However, no instruments were found in the literature designed to evaluate the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship from the perspective of a person with mental illness. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of an instrument for assessing the quality of the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship from the patient's perspective. An e-Delphi study was conducted to develop the assessment tool, and a psychometric study was carried out to examine its psychometric properties. The sample comprised 240 adults with mental illness. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and the Omega coefficient. The final structure of the assessment instrument included 24 items distributed across two factors, explaining 64.2% of the variance. Cronbach's alpha was 0.94, and the Omega coefficient was 0.96. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.66–0.92). The therapeutic relationship assessment scale (TRAS-Patient) shows good psychometric properties. This is a relevant tool for assessing the quality of the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship from the patient's perspective, thus promoting a patient-centred approach and responding to the patient's needs. Mental health nurses can access a tool for evaluating the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship centred on disciplinary knowledge. This enables patient involvement in care, enhanced care and person-centred practice.
Exploring an intervention to enhance positive mental health in people with first-episode psychosis: a qualitative study from the perspective of mental health professionals
(MDPI, 2025-07-28) Cruz Sequeira, Carlos Alberto; Rolduà Ros, Júlia; Moreno Poyato, Antonio Rafael; Ferreira Coelho, Joana Catarina; Nogueira, Catarina; Teixeira, Sonia; Usall i Rodié, Judith; Lluch Canut, Ma. Teresa
Background/Objectives: This study explores the perspectives of mental health professionals on tailoring the Mentis Plus intervention to enhance positive mental health (PMH) in individuals experiencing First-Episode Psychosis (FEP). Although the Mentis Plus Program has been previously implemented in other contexts, it has not yet been applied to FEP care. Therefore, this study aimed to adapt the intervention for future implementation through expert consultation. Methods: A qualitative exploratory-descriptive design was employed. Data were collected via three focus groups comprising multidisciplinary professionals experienced in FEP care. Qualitative content analysis was used to examine the data. Results: Participants viewed the tailored Mentis Plus intervention as a valuable, recovery-oriented tool. Key recommendations included a flexible, group-based format with eight weekly sessions. Suggested intervention components encompassed gratitude journaling, emotional regulation techniques, and collaborative problem-solving exercises. Group delivery was highlighted as essential for mitigating isolation and promoting peer support. Practical implementation strategies included phased session structures and routine emotional check-ins. Identified barriers to implementation included the need for specialized training, limited therapeutic spaces, and the heterogeneity of participant needs. Facilitators included a person-centered approach, institutional backing, and sufficient resources. Conclusions: The findings support the feasibility and clinical relevance of a tailored Mentis Plus FEP Program-Brief Version. Expert-informed insights provide a foundation for adapting mental health interventions to early-psychosis care and inform future research and implementation strategies.
Autophagy and oxidative stress in solid tumors: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities
(Elsevier, 2025-08-01) Carretero-Fernández, María; Cabrera-Serrano, Antonio José; Sánchez-Maldonado, José Manuel; Ruiz-Durán, Lucía; Jiménez-Romera, Francisco; García Verdejo, Francisco José; González-Olmedo, Carmen; Cardús, Aina; Díaz-Beltrán, Letícia; Gutiérrez-Bautista, Juan Francisco; Benavente, Yolanda; Gálvez-Montosa, Fernando; López-López, José Antonio; García-Martín, Paloma; Pérez, Eva María; Rodríguez-Sevilla, Juan José; Casabonne, Delphine; Sánchez Rovira, Pedro; Reyes-Zurita, Fernando J.; Sainz, Juan
Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with solid tumors representing most cases. Autophagy and oxidative stress are two interconnected cellular mechanisms that influence tumor initiation, therapeutic response and disease progression. Autophagy plays a context-dependent role, functioning as a tumor suppressor by eliminating damaged organelles in early stages, while later supporting tumor survival under metabolic and therapeutic stress. Similarly, oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance in reactive oxygen species (ROS), can drive tumorigenesis by promoting genomic instability and resistance to therapy but can also induce apoptosis in cancer cells. The crosstalk between autophagy and oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in shaping the tumor microenvironment, affecting immune evasion, drug resistance, and metabolic adaptation. Targeting these processes through pharmacological modulation presents both challenges and opportunities in cancer therapy. While autophagy inhibition can enhance chemotherapy efficacy by preventing tumor cell survival mechanisms, excessive oxidative stress induction may lead to cellular damage and systemic toxicity. This review explores the complex interplay between autophagy and oxidative stress in solid tumors, emphasizing their implications for cancer progression and treatment strategies. By understanding these mechanisms, novel therapeutic approaches, including combination therapies and precision medicine strategies, may be developed to improve patient outcomes.
Diabetes-Related Dietary Patterns and Endometrial Cancer Risk and Survival in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study
(MDPI AG, 2025-05-12) Torres Laiton, Luisa; Luján Barroso, Leila; Nadal Zaragoza, Núria; Castro Espin, Carlota; Jakszyn, Paula; Panico, Camilla; Cornet, Charlotte Le; Dahm, Christina C.; Petrova, Dafina; Rodríguez Palacios, Daniel Ángel; Jannasch, Franziska; Masala, Giovanna; Dossus, Laure; Padroni, Lisa; Guevara, Marcela; Schulze, Matthias B.; Fortner, Renée T.; Tumino, Rosario; Crous Bou, Marta
Background/Objectives: Endometrial cancer (EC)'s major risk factors include obesity and diabetes, both strongly related with lifestyle choices and dietary factors. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between diabetes-related dietary patterns, EC risk, and survival in a population of middle-aged European women. Methods: A total of 285,418 female participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study were included in the analysis. After a mean time of 10.6 years of follow-up, 1955 incident EC cases were registered; of those, 133 women died from EC. The Empirical Dietary Index for Insulin Resistance (EDIR), the Empirical Dietary Index for Hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), and the Diabetes Risk Reduction Diet (DRRD), were estimated from dietary information collected at baseline from EPIC participants. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between the dietary patterns and EC risk, using hazard ratios (HR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and adjusting for relevant confounders. Cox and Fine-Gray models were used to assess the association with overall and EC-specific mortality, respectively. Results: Higher adherence to EDIR was associated with an increased risk of EC, multivariable HR for T3vsT1 were 1.17 (95% CI = 1.04 to1.31). However, when BMI was included in the models, these associations became weaker and no longer statistically significant. No associations were observed in relation to adherence to EDIH, DRRD, and EC risk. No associations were found in relation to diabetes-related dietary patterns and mortality. Conclusions: This study highlights the potential role of diabetes related dietary patterns and EC etiology and prevention. Further studies are warranted to better understand the role of etiology-derived dietary patterns and disease prevention and prognosis.
Tobacco imagery in prime-time television in Spain: A content analysis
(European Publishing, 2025-06-10) Peruga Urrea, Armando; Tigova, Olena; Feliu, Ariadna; Carnicer Pont, Dolors; Antón, Laura; Bosch Llonch, Fèlix; Rey Pino, Juan Miguel; Saltó i Cerezuela, Esteve; Fernández Muñoz, Esteve; Martínez Martínez, Cristina
INTRODUCTION Exposure to tobacco content in media among youth is a well-established risk factor for smoking initiation and continued use. This study assessed the prevalence and nature of tobacco imagery on Spanish prime-time television (TV) programming and its associations with program characteristics: genre, production nationality, and broadcast timing. METHODS A content analysis of 63959 minutes of TV programming in 2021, excluding advertisements and trailers, across 18 broadcast channels examined the presence of tobacco imagery: actual tobacco use, tobacco cultural cues, smoking ban violations, tobacco brand appearances, or any of these. RESULTS The analysis revealed that 2.4% of the TV programming time contained at least one instance of tobacco imagery, resulting in 8.5 million impressions for viewers aged 4-24 years. Feature films had the highest prevalence of tobacco-related content (adjusted prevalence ratio, APR=11.9; 95% CI: 9.5-14.9). Tobacco-related content appeared more frequently outside designated children's protection hours (PR=0.7; 95% CI: 0.6-0.80). However, its presence within the designated children's protection schedule remains a significant concern, generating 15.6 million tobacco impressions for young viewers. CONCLUSIONS The seemingly modest content level of tobacco imagery (2.4%) translates into a substantial number of impressions for young viewers aged 4-24 years, including during the designated children's protection schedule. Reducing tobacco imagery in films and TV series represents a promising strategy for curbing youth smoking. However, the current reliance on youth protection schedules is inadequate. To better protect children from tobacco imagery, policies should mandate strong anti-tobacco disclaimers preceding programs featuring tobacco and certificates of No Pay-off for tobacco portrayals.
The social conception of space of birth according to women with positive birth experiences: A trans-European study
(Elsevier BV, 2025-05-01) Kuipers, Yvonne; Thomson, Gill; Beeck, Elise van; Hresanová, Ema; Goberna Tricas, Josefina; Rodríguez Martin, Sara; Cuker, Simona Ruta; Chudaska, Lisa; Waldner, Irmi; Zenzmaier, Christoph; Leinweber, Julia
Background: The social space of birth-the birth environment, its occupants, and the human activities taking place-is interconnected with birth experiences. Aim: To investigate how the reality of the social space of birth affects women's positive birth experiences. Methods: We combined open-text responses to the Babies Born Better survey from 3633 postpartum women in Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom and 39 interview transcripts from Czech and Dutch postpartum women. We conducted a textual and thematic analysis. Findings: Three themes and 11 categories were generated: (1) Exercising fundamental human agency in the birth space consists of the categories: 'exercising rights', 'the protection of human vulnerability', and 'the freedom to be authentic', which women regard as prerequisite components of the birth space. (2) Regulatory frameworks & care philosophies in maternity services, including the categories '(financial) regulations', 'values of the care provider and the institution', and 'model of care', are regarded as attributes of the birth space. Theme (3) Building a nest for comfort and connection comprises the categories 'relational and affective atmosphere during labour & birth', 'performative atmosphere during labour & birth', 'shelter', 'implicit and explicit tacit doing & being' and 'symbol of deeper meaning'. Discussion/Conclusion: The reality of the birth space of women with positive birth experiences consists of human rights and birth rights, the quality of interactions with care providers during labour and birth in a relationship-centred and relation-continuity model of care, and a place to retreat from the world.
Prevalence and determinants of smoke-free homes in 12 European countries: the TackSHS Survey
(European Respiratory Society (ERS), 2025-03-24) Tigova, Olena; Stival, Chiara; Castellano, Yolanda; Lugo, Alessandra; Fu, Marcela; López, Anna Mar; Martínez Martínez, Cristina; Soriano, Joan B.; O'Donnell, Rachel; Semple, Sean; López Medina, Maria J.; Fernández Muñoz, Esteve; Gallus, Silvano; TackSHS Investigators
Background Homes are one of the primary locations where people are exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) in Europe. We describe the prevalence and identify the main determinants of having home-smoking restrictions in 12 European countries. Methods Cross-sectional survey in 12 European countries conducted in 2017-2018 (TackSHS project). Approximately 1000 participants representing the general population aged ,15 years of each country were interviewed face to face. Individual-and country-level characteristics were explored through adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) obtained from multilevel Poisson models with random effects. Results Among 11 734 participants, 70.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 69.4-71.0%) had smoke-free homes and 17.5% (95% CI 16.8-18.2%) had partial home-smoking restrictions in place. Prevalence of smoke-free homes ranged from 44.4% in Greece to 84.5% in England. Having a smoke-free home was significantly inversely associated with current (PR=0.60) or former (PR=0.95) smoking and living in a household with one (PR=0.70) or two or more (PR=0.58) people who smoke. It was also significantly associated with being ,65 years old (PR=1.05), being female (PR=1.07), having a high educational level (PR=1.09) and living with children (PR=1.09). Having a smoke-free home was associated with living in northern Europe, while partial home-smoking restrictions were more likely among respondents from eastern Europe and countries with lower per capita gross domestic product. Conclusions The prevalence of smoke-free homes in Europe is relatively high, but with large variability across countries. European countries with a lower prevalence of smoke-free homes should implement tailored interventions targeting identified determinants and incorporate the success of other countries.
Mapping indicators of tobacco and related product use: Unveiling challenges and variations in the Eurobarometer surveys over three decades
(European Publishing, 2025-04-16) Teshima, Ayaka; Martínez Martínez, Cristina; Filippidis, Filippos; Laverty, Anthony A.; Vardavas, Constantine I.; Feliu, Ariadna; Peruga Urrea, Armando; Fernández Muñoz, Esteve
INTRODUCTION The European Commission's Special Eurobarometer surveys on tobacco are widely used as comparable and representative data across the European Union for monitoring consumption patterns. Despite their broad use, certain challenges persist, including inconsistencies in survey timelines and variations in the collected information across waves. This study aims to identify available tobacco and related product indicators, and assess their temporal comparability, to support researchers to better understand the potential uses of these data and their alignment with other sources. METHODS We explored questionnaires and reports in these surveys on tobacco from the Eurobarometer official website since its inception (1992, 2002, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2014, 2017, 2020 and 2023 waves). We extracted and compared questions and responses on use of tobacco and related products, as well as on sociodemographic variables. Finally, we compared all indicators, including frequency and wording, and further mapped the consistency of the indicators and type of product used across the different waves. RESULTS Current, daily, former and never use of conventional cigarettes has been consistently assessed across all waves, enabling temporal comparisons. From 2009, the surveys have expanded to include e-cigarette use; since 2012, the surveys include various combusted products such as cigars, pipes, cigarillos, and waterpipes, and from 2020, heated tobacco products. By contrast, detailed data on product-specific use intensity and initiation remain limited. While indicators for secondhand smoke exposure and smoking cessation were present in multiple waves, their comparability is hindered by variations in question-wording and responses. CONCLUSIONS Some challenges exist in using Eurobarometer surveys for temporal estimation of tobacco-related burden. Nonetheless, these surveys remain a valuable and unique tool for monitoring tobacco and related product use across the European Union. To further enhance their utility, periodic re-evaluation by tobacco control experts is recommended to ensure that the surveys maintain comparability with past data while capturing effectively emerging products and trends.
Gender differences in pre-surgical hip arthroplasty patients
(Frontiers Media, 2025-04-22) Ripoll-Romero, Elisabet; Agüera, Zaida; Puig Llobet, Montserrat; Bassas Palou, Marta; Manzanares Céspedes, María Cristina; Galimany Masclans, Jordi
Introduction: There is growing evidence that gender may influence surgical outcomes, rehabilitation, and overall patient experience in various orthopedic procedures. The main objective of the present study was to explore gender-based differences in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty surgery to understand better how they might impact the preoperative experience and contribute to personalized patient care. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with n = 180 pre-surgical participants (n = 84 females, n = 96 males). All patients were consecutively admitted for primary hip arthroplasty surgery at the orthopedics surgery and traumatology unit of the Hospital Cl & iacute;nic of Barcelona (Spain), between October 1, 2023 and July 31, 2024. The assessment consisted of a socio-demographic form and two questionnaires: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5l).Results: Both groups consisted of a similar percentage of males and females. Females presented statistically significantly higher levels of preoperative anxiety than males (p = .050), but no significant differences appeared in the depression subscale (p = .382). Regarding quality of life, females reported significantly higher scores on difficulties in mobility (p = .037), usual activities (p = .027), and perceived pain (p = .004) compared to males. Finally, greater anxiety and depression scores were associated with poor self-perceived health in males but not in females. Conclusions: This study is essential to bridge gaps in knowledge regarding gender differences in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. Clinically, these results underline the importance of considering gender-specific factors when planning interventions and support for hip arthroplasty patients to improve outcomes and overall well-being.
Sexual and reproductive healthcare provided to women diagnosed with serious mental illness: healthcare professionals’ perspectives
(MDPI, 2025-03-28) Tort Nasarre, Glòria; Galbany Estragués, Paola; Saz Roy, Mª Ángeles; Romeu, Maria (Romeu Labayen)
Background: Women diagnosed with serious mental illness (SMI) face increasedvulnerability and significant risks to their sexual and reproductive health, an issue thatis often overlooked in healthcare systems. Aim: This study aimed to explore the sexualand reproductive healthcare provided to women with SMI, based on the perspectives ofprofessionals specialising in mental health and sexual and reproductive health. Methods:A descriptive qualitative design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conductedwith a purposive sample of professionals from community mental health and sexual andreproductive health in Catalonia (Spain). Data were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: Two themes were identified: clinical practice and professional context. The clinicalpractice theme had three sub-themes: lack of a preventive framework, attention to sexualand reproductive needs, and supporting women in their desire for motherhood and inpregnancy. The professional context theme had four sub-themes: cross-disciplinary coordination,lack of protocols, lack of human resources and time, and lack of training in mentalhealth. Conclusions: Mental health professionals and sexual and reproductive healthprofessionals expressed different perspectives about sexual and reproductive healthcare forwomen with SMI, pointing to a need for greater training and coordination.
Compulsive buying behavior: Characteristics of comorbidity with gambling disorder
(Akadémiai Kiadó, 2017-03-01) Fernández Aranda, Fernando; Granero, Roser; Steward, Trevor; Mestre-Bach, Gemma; Baño Alcázar, Marta; Del Pino-Gutierrez, Amparo; Moragas, Laura; Aymamí, Maria Neus; Gómez-Peña, Mónica; Mallorquí-Bagué, Núria; Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Compulsive buying behavior (CBB) has begun to be recognized as a condition worthy of attention by clinicians and researchers. Studies on the commonalities between CBB and other behavioral addictions such as gambling disorder (GD) exist in the literature, but additional research is needed to assess the frequency and clinical relevance of the comorbidity of CBB and GD.
Positive mental health and sense of coherence among emergency medical service professionals
(Frontiers Media, 2024-02-20) Mantas Jiménez, Susana; Reig-García, Glòria; Roqueta Vall-Llosera, Marta; Camara-Liebana, David; Masià-Plana, Afra; Lluch Canut, Ma. Teresa; Juvinyà Canal, Dolors
Background: Positive mental health (PMH) is a construct used to define and evaluate health from a positive perspective. Healthcare professionals in the emergency ambulance service are more likely to experience mental health disorders than the overall population. The demographic and occupational variables and Sense of Coherence (SOC) can act as predictors of PMH and can serve as protective elements against stress and demanding situations in the work environment. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate PMH and its relationship with demographic and occupational variables and determine if SOC is a predictive variable for PMH in health professionals working in the emergency ambulance service. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational study was conducted with a sample of 406 healthcare professionals from the emergency ambulance service in eight health regions of Catalonia, Spain. The following variables were analyzed: Age, biological sex, household members, dependents family members, professional category, type of contract, job satisfaction and sense of collaboration with other institutions. The following assessment instruments were used: Positive Mental Health Questionnaire and Sense of Coherence scale. Results: High scores were obtained in Positive Mental Health (PMH). Study participants who reported feeling completely satisfied in their work also showed a significant relationship with all PMH factors: greater satisfaction with their personal life, in their helpful prosocial attitude toward others, in their capability to deal effectively with stress and navigate conflict scenarios, in their ability to solve problems and self-realization, greater empathy and ability to understand the feelings of others, greater ability to establish interpersonal relationships. Comprehensibility, as a dimension of SOC, was identified as a predictor for some factors of PMH: a greater personal satisfaction, self-control, autonomy, interpersonal skills and total PMHQ. More than 43% of positive mental health in health professionals is explained by higher Meaningfulness and Comprehensibility values of the SOC, the absence of dependent family members and having a non-graduate background. Conclusion: Healthcare workers in the emergency ambulance service had high PMH. Meaningfulness (ME) and Comprehensibility (C), dimensions of SOC, were identified as model predictors of greater PMH, showing higher scores in most of PMH factors. To enhance SOC as a mental health promotion measure, resilience programs should be implemented to help professionals develop skills to face and overcome adverse situations. Educating in stress management thought networks are key elements to strengthen SOC. Managers in emergency medical services play a key role in transforming healthcare work environments to promote positive outcomes in the mental health of their healthcare workers.

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